Hunter with his dogs to the forest to hunt, dogs will be the rabbit out of the nest, has been chasing it, chasing a long time still not caught. Later, the rabbit on a curve, do not know where to go running. Hunters see this scene, and laugh dog said: life and run ah. dogs to introduce competition, outstanding performance in the competition will get more reward.
So hunters to buy a few dogs, and provides for those who can catch in hunting rabbits, you can get five bones , can not find no food to eat rabbit. At first dogs were very offensive, but over time, have gradually adapted to this mechanism. this trick really works, they have to chase the rabbit dogs, because no one want to see others eat the bones, he did not eat.
over a period of time, the problem has emerged, the hunters found that while half a dozen every day to catch rabbits, but the rabbit head is getting smaller and smaller. had some Good observation of the dogs, found a large rabbit run fast, run away are very experienced, and relatively slow speed of rabbit escape, escape experience, therefore, I bunny rabbit better than the big catch and more. and the hunter for hunting dogs Rewards are based on the number of its calculation of catch rabbits, regardless of the size of rabbits, dogs are the first detailed observations discovered the trick.
hound hunters who said: , why? . This reform, try to grab big dogs have all the rabbits. This move seems to play a good role.
over a period of time, hunters found his neighbor's dogs and as many can be caught far more than their own rabbits. hunter very strange to ask the neighbors. neighbor, said: mutual learning between them. In addition, I will hound compiled several groups, each division with the hounds, so that the number of rabbits caught on significantly increased. after they decided to let their dogs learn from each other, complement each other, and several teams compiled dogs. implemented for some time, that effect is not good hunters, dogs are simply no motivation to learn, each group caught Instead, the number of rabbits caught no more than the time before going it alone. is what went wrong?
for dogs who learn from each other and improve their ability to catch the rabbit, this is certainly true; the dogs were divided into several groups, with the division of labor should be not wrong, because the hunter's neighbor is doing ѽ. Hunters have met to discuss the decision and dogs, hunter dogs, said: Why tie up when the results might as well go it alone is good? the distribution, you are willing to learn how we do? In addition, we have compiled several groups you will be divided when the bones did not take into account how the distribution of our work, we have often points within each group the bones and fighting, Let us how you cooperate? there is another reward. But think carefully, there are many problems because it is in accordance with the group to work, the group responsible for some dogs chasing rabbits, and some responsible for outflanking, some responsible for patrolling the perimeter to prevent the rabbit from the pocket in the escape. Each group of rabbits according to claim reward caught, how within the group allocated? bone volume is always the same, or a period of time to adjust again? division of the different number of dog bones are fixed whether the same? dogs Will it run out to grab the rabbit, but not turned over to it?
faced with a series of problems, this time a hunter and the screenwriters.
This is a performance evaluation and incentive mechanism on the establishment of a typical case, please Human Resources Manager of one of them!
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Boer goat farm in Hunan Hunan How can goat farm
Boer goat farm in Hunan Hunan How can
Boer goat farm in Shandong Province is the provincial Bureau of Animal Husbandry Animal Husbandry sunlight directly under the large-scale cattle breeding base, a professional donkey meat beef breeding base, year round supply of beef, meat calves, donkey meat , sheep, Luxi cattle, Gailiangrouniu, Simmental beef cattle, Charolais beef cattle, Limousin beef cattle, Holstein cows, sheep and cattle farms, Boer goats, Dorper sheep, cattle and sheep quality. the sun, animal husbandry, how to solve the cattle industry in livestock technician / where to buy cattle / beef cattle farming technology / culture techniques donkey meat / Boer goat breeding techniques / cattle farm Tel / Introduction and notes / issues such as cattle and sheep farming technology, provide a comprehensive base Beef cattle breeding technology and price, the price of Boer goats, Simmental prices, meat prices and other services donkey! as cattle and sheep farms provides farmers prices of services!
Boer goat farm in Shandong Province is the provincial Bureau of Animal Husbandry Animal Husbandry sunlight directly under the large-scale cattle breeding base, a professional donkey meat beef breeding base, year round supply of beef, meat calves, donkey meat , sheep, Luxi cattle, Gailiangrouniu, Simmental beef cattle, Charolais beef cattle, Limousin beef cattle, Holstein cows, sheep and cattle farms, Boer goats, Dorper sheep, cattle and sheep quality. the sun, animal husbandry, how to solve the cattle industry in livestock technician / where to buy cattle / beef cattle farming technology / culture techniques donkey meat / Boer goat breeding techniques / cattle farm Tel / Introduction and notes / issues such as cattle and sheep farming technology, provide a comprehensive base Beef cattle breeding technology and price, the price of Boer goats, Simmental prices, meat prices and other services donkey! as cattle and sheep farms provides farmers prices of services!
Monday, December 27, 2010
Anhui Huaihai Campaign, the core idea of red tourism product development plan
Tomorrow is the 80th Army, would like to express this article great respect for the legendary army! And never for himself was deeply proud of being a member of one! ;, often hate untimely.
in the small village Lead in command of the headquarters of the shaking shook the world war two, the smoke of the total before the establishment of the Huaihai Campaign Committee, set off from Anhui Linhuan , across the Yangtze River, less than half a year has been moved into the KMT government in Nanjing Presidential Palace, which then mounted the republic founded in Tiananmen hh
Huaihai Campaign beginning and end, Chairman Mao, Deng Xiaoping said twice I command to you, delivery tasks, for later access to the top leadership of the party and state leaders of China's reform and opening up the work and lay a solid foundation.
fully American equipment, has a long siege the Red Army, the PLA's main force of 12 million people in the KMT ace horses, only due to the difference between the day, they planted a small farm in Anhui, who in turn was surrounded by encirclement, aircraft, artillery, tanks, cars built in a steel line of defense can not stop the attacks millet plus rifles, an all-American mechanization Corps, where just 20 days from the Dabie Mountains blaze wiped
people's army, where the bloody World War II experienced an unprecedented baptism, mighty cross the river, swept the Southwest, into Tibet, bloody Shangganling, Wei Zhen roof of the world, all the way to play hehe military might, were the military one after another, the stars shining h..
Anhui Huaihai Campaign, the core idea of red tourism product development planning
Huaihai Campaign of the twentieth century occurred in China late forties, is the Communist Party of China follow the historical trend , led the Chinese people after a long arduous struggle, the final overthrow of the Kuomintang, the establishment of new China, has a decisive influence on the process of major historical events, is a reflection of Chinese people's revolutionary armed forces from scratch, from small to large, to win with fewer to Strong Weak magnificent victory in the war, the CLS movement symphony. miracle in the history of modern warfare, the military campaign in the history of both China and the world has a unique historical position, attracted many later review and study. As a huge campaign of unprecedented scale, development complicated and confusing process, the ups and downs, many mixed blood and fire fighting, brilliant, long-term military struggle the two parties is the final decisive battle of wits level of life and death, which is full of magnificent epic sense of the dramatic and profound changes, with a view of the high grade sheet value. Huaihai Campaign in Anhui, Jiangsu and Henan provinces at the junction of Huaihai Plain, the original owners do not change the battlefield landscape, there are certain historical relics. Communist parties who works a lot on the war that year, many people still alive, the aftermath of the Battle and influence is still lingering, and thus, elaborate packaging of this valuable resource will be playing a high quality red tourism will be very valuable product.
Huaihai Campaign in Huaibei City is the most abundant tourism resources in the red region , with the campaign Huaihai Campaign of our party high command of the front seat has been located in Anhui, Deng Xiaoping and other proletarian revolutionaries, military strategist, in fact, in Anhui Province won the battle command. The area is also the battle of the KMT army to wipe out the second phase Huang Weibing the main battle group. The current time when the party and the country to vigorously promote tourism, and actively support the construction of the national base of good red tourism opportunities, area The high level of planning and resource planning, it would become a core competence and geographical characteristics of Anhui famous red tourism and military tourism products.
one. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of red tourism products in the market demand trends Jane Analysis
that tourism, according to the definition of the relevant departments, mainly means and the revolutionary spirit of the content, organization and reception of tourists to carry out memory of learning, the subject of sex tourism and sightseeing activities. travel conditions and requirements, in line with the domestic tourism market demand for the red trend of tourism products:
1. the reform and opening up, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China for centuries to wash the humiliation of being beaten poverty in the world behind the great powers created the short-term the rapid rise of the miracle, to attract more people to the ruling party's history of struggle for the interest, attention. In recent years Jinggangshan, Zunyi, Yan'an, Xibaipo traditional to commemorate the revolution on the red has become a popular tourism products. < br> 2. domestic tourism has been booming for years, in the economically developed coastal areas and cities, travel behavior is no longer a luxury, has become a daily needs, natural and cultural landscape in general have not fully able to meet frequent trips, many times the choice of travel demand. tourists travel has become more diversified selection, segmentation, for History, military, adventure and so increased the demand for products, the Internet is easy to find large quantities of these heated discussions.
3. At present, Sino-US relations, Sino-Japanese relations and the Taiwan question is the focus of great concern that people deal with independence, good preparations for military struggle, the party and state policies, but also the people concerned about the event. Taiwan actual KMT and the CPC is the legacy of military struggle, with the involvement of United States and Japan, can easily affect the national sentiment, while a cause for the Communist history of war, Fuguojiangbing great interest and desire for war epic heart and desire, full of admiration, many reflecting the history of war now, generals biography books, television, films hot, and repeatedly published show, military website forum is also in full swing, have shown that this demand trends.
4. the party and state now attaches great importance to carry out tourism, has been referred to consolidate its position as the ruling party political project, a high degree of cultural projects and economic projects to be promoted and supported. red tourism must rely to carry out a large number of different characteristics of memorial sites, all units and Caucus red tourism sector in the activities organized by the State will not be limited to travel at public expense, can be predicted that this demand will be ongoing and long-term.
5. to strengthen military education, and enhance awareness of national defense needs. the world's major countries For its participation in the war are very cherished historical sites, built with all kinds of tourist facilities to commemorate and promote patriotism. Chengping China has been a long time, but will forget the war crisis, a peaceful era of the generation of Chinese grew up, only to be able to resist the evolution repeatedly broadcast, Xibaipo and conduct of Red Tourism in advance all the Huaihai Campaign and double-stacking with a wider range of visibility. it may have a number of source layers: one year war between KMT and CPC staff (campaign huge, broad impact , many participants were still alive, like Battlefield revisit); Second, military history, military history researchers (across the Taiwan Strait, the United States, Japan, Russia, South Korea, etc.); three military academies teaching staff at home and abroad (with the repeated, multi- time to travel may be); IV is the primary, secondary teachers and students (this is the perennial source); five are self-drive tourists (highway access facilities); six military enthusiasts (networking, a large number); seven party government organs, enterprises red tourism activities of the participants (no longer have free medical concerns); eight general travel team (from the source to close the surrounding cities) and so on. II. prominence red tourism products of Anhui Huaihai Campaign the relying on the Huai Hai Campaign Memorial Museum in Xuzhou strong state financial support, will be developed into a comprehensive picture of the Huaihai Campaign panoramic view of the main attractions of red tourism products, but as a battle of one, three-stage battle Nianzhuang Wei Xinyi, Jiangsu, Henan, Chen Xiaoguanzhuang Yongcheng, sooner or later integration of products will also be in action. three provinces in the development of the various attractions of the theme of the future there will be joint tourism products, but more of a contest and competition. Therefore, our tourism product planning Anhui Huaihai Campaign, the first from market needs, from the competitive situation in mind, starting from a point of differentiation, in-depth historical study, mining resources, and try to find the bright spot that only our unique packaging to be highlighted, and then be playing a unique and outside the province of other Similar sites with very different core competencies of flagship product. so as to not winning by, shake off the past is always a simple imitation of a low level of attraction similar products Xuzhou model, to obtain dislocation future development of good cooperation and win-win situation .
Anhui Huaihai Campaign in Red only my unique tourism resources, the main bright spot as the most powerful:
1. Huaihai Campaign, the front line of our party headquarters is located in Anhui. Even though the Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign for the center, but only the Kuomintang Army, Xuzhou headquarters. Huaihai Campaign CCP General Front Committee was established in Anhui, the General Front Committee and the Central Plains Field Army headquarters from the first stage since the campaign has been based in Anhui. East China Field Army Battle Command in the third stage also moved to Anhui. General Front Committee, the Standing Committee of the Battle of Liu, Chen Tang period of three long-lived, Anhui, major decisions are in many campaigns made in Anhui. Battle of the end of the five members of the General Front Committee is the only one plenary session, held in Anhui. a small village in Anhui simple command headquarters in the success of the biggest battles in the history of the war at home and abroad, weak leadership in one fell swoop wipe out the American military equipment in the power section of the city KMT army, which also has the charm of history and the military.
2. Huaihai Campaign all 8 major combat occurred in Anhui four times, once three major battles took place in Anhui.
3. Deng Xiaoping started this heavy responsibility from the Anhui Province on 16 November .1948, Comrade Mao Zedong in the name of the Central Military Commission indicating the establishment of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign telegram sent to the station in the set of Huaibei Linhuan Central Plains Field Army headquarters, telegram to Comrade Deng Xiaoping explicitly as secretary of the General Front Committee, the unified command of the Central Plains, East China Field Army the two. the beginning and end of the Huaihai Campaign occasion, Chairman Mao to Deng Xiaoping has twice said, the burden of military leaders, and has accomplished the task of the Party Central Committee delivered its top leaders and then into the Communist leadership of China's reform and opening up the work and lay a solid foundation.
4. Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the former chief secretaries of Anhui During the exemplary work style and performance.
5. General Front Committee in Anhui Huaihai Campaign proposed second phase of the proposal first hit Huang campaign to promote the smooth development. Huaihai Campaign fully started, when the two field army troops multiple use, while progress in North-South war, the situation is complicated and confusing, the Central Military Commission and China Field Regiment for the annihilation Huang Baitao held following the main direction of chess uncertain step, Liu Chen Tang on November 19 in Anhui Province for two consecutive power the second phase of the Battle of the central clear recommendations first hit Huang, adopted by Mao Zedong, .
6. Huaihai after the battle, the General Front Committee to continue to command the arrival of a campaign in Anhui Province. In the establishment of the General Front Committee of Anhui Linhuan set has been entered from the Nanjing Presidential Palace.
7. Liu, Chen Yi Deng Xiaoping in Anhui during the General Front Committee to lifelong friendships forged. Liu, Chen Tang trio as the Huaihai Campaign of the Standing Committee of the General Front Committee in Anhui Huaibei Linhuan joined after the first set of working together in the past 50 days Anhui until the end of the Huaihai Campaign. hard taking care of each other under three, joint command operations and forged a profound friendship to keep a lifetime, very moving, this situation between the principal leaders in the other field armies are rare.
8. Before the war the Central Plains Field Army in the Huaibei Linhuan set only once held a high-level military meeting. at the deployment of the first attack of Deng Xiaoping Su County, made famous: the lighting is the Central Plains Field Army, and the brightest National Revolutionary People's Liberation Army still had still win the Yangtze River We pay this price is worth it. Chen Yi poetry bolstering departure: champion, both times as an important future military.
9. Huaihai Campaign, Mao Zedong, the General Front Committee in accordance with instructions in the village of Huai Cai Au held the only time the General Front Committee plenary session. The meeting on the final group and subsequent elimination of Du Yuming arrival of a campaign for the deployment.
10. Double stacking the Huaihai Campaign of World War II is a key operational continuity.
11. Shuangduiji war between KMT and CPC directly affects the close attention of top leaders.
12. Double War is a heap of China's liberation war in the wild wild two field army fighting alongside the best long-term masterpiece.
13. Shuangduiji Huaihai Campaign World War II created the weakest forces to surround and annihilate the enemy army main force of the miracle of the strongest.
14 . from the Dabie Mountains to the decisive battle of two into the double-stacking: the battle history of the Central Plains Field Army legendary.
15 .. double-stacking is the Huaihai Campaign, World War II battle head-Communist armies, the highest percentage of casualties in a typical wars.
16. Double World War II military commander of the fighting forces the dump will be bright stars. then the force generated a total of party and state leaders after another 2, Party Central Committee Vice-Chairman 2, 9 members of the Central Political Bureau, Central Military Commission Chairman 1, CMC Vice Chairman 5 people, Marshal 2, general 2, will be 9, Defense 1, 2, Deputy Minister, Chief of General Staff of PLA 1, 1 Director of the General Political Department, Volunteers commander, deputy commander of the 1, the military branches of the military commander of the 5 people, a large military commander 6, North China exercises and the 35th anniversary of the founding commander of a military parade persons.
17. Shuangduiji name of the fighting forces of our army troops war after another, military might play national prestige. Central Plains Field Army 6 vertical, 9 longitudinal adaptation of the 12th army troops, 15 military after the Korean War the U.S. military campaign reassert Shangganling brave, our military is still the main force of the military struggle against Taiwan. adapted from the Yu Wansu Military Forces the 18th Army into Tibet, completed the victory in the counter-insurgency and counter-Indian border war of self-defense mission, the commander is the most Guohua Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, senior military commanders loved one.
18. Shuangduiji war wiped out 18 of the enemy forces are long-term battle with the army, fighting with the reorganization of the KMT's 74th Army Division considerable number one ace in five main arms. Central Plains of the War of Liberation Army of Mao Zedong repeatedly named on the battlefield in the field required to find the F key while China Field The army has been unable to seize the fighter objects. no later than walk all day in Suixian Ex, 18, complained that the military commander Yang Botao for Huang life, refuses to forgive.
19. Shuangduiji war wiped out the enemy army was once 85 Liu and Deng repeatedly harassing opponents troops advancing the Dabie Mountains, is famous Liu proposed and military operations, is best known at home and abroad, and his Misfortune ups and downs, the most dramatic color of the KMT army generals.
21. Shuangduiji war to escape the enemy wounding deputy commander of the 12th Corps, Hu Lian experience with military operations , the KMT retreated to Taiwan's major military leader, has conducted after the reorganization of the 12 Corps to participate in the Battle of Kinmen, a three-field landing operations forces army caused great harm; 1953 Dongshan Island, HU caused by Mao Zedong led his army to invade the direct attention, is Ye Fei defeated army command; 1958 shelling of Kinmen was army artillery bombed Hu insurance. Hu Lian, Taiwan has long been regarded as the patron saint, until today there is still a greater impact in the Taiwan Strait. At present, Kinmen tourism has open to visitors on the mainland, Hu Lian expected to further improve visibility.
22. Shuangduiji just names and KMT Chen Cheng, Liu Yazhou profile this year because of the famous long article Mission battlefield Huang Weibing unique car line, as the only other domestic battlefield see.
III. for the current existence of the domestic shortage of red tourism product review
Art of War said: , was considered more the experience of red tourism products, and in particular pay attention to make up for those deficiencies have been found, so can only be done at the planning stage can be no detours.
attention in recent years around the support, the Red continued selling tourism products, has the formation of domestic tourism market in the category, beginning to take shape, but not a long time to develop special tourism products, is also very obvious shortcomings:
1. products form a single, identical: mostly in the monument, monument, statues, the main exhibition, where we go see are the external manifestation of this.
2. attractions combined with the market management mechanism is not tight: most of the country under the District Red tourist attractions, cultural sector management, the introduction of a serious shortage of tourism and market awareness.
3. attractions and more to be said, to see the less: the revolutionary sites, sites less than a reasonable package, can not fully meet the needs of tourists Ferris, was not enough to see the total after the taste, does not quench thirst.
4. introduce and explain the contents of the text needs ignored audience: the current red tourism attractions throughout the commentary are either not familiar with the travel history, military history written by professional researchers, most of the sake of discussion, serious preaching is more than less than interesting, and only bones not flesh and blood, generally tourists can not help feeling it sounds boring, does not meet the requirements of the tourism industry for all ages, tastes.
5. show behind old-fashioned way, making poor: can not use the modern fashion science and technology to the full interpretation of the red content, can not truly effective in attracting tourists, so as to achieve infection results.
6. the lack of site-style attractions battlefield: armed struggle, the Chinese Communist Party in rural areas surrounding the cities grow in a magic weapon for the war years, but The total past the memorial to the Revolutionary War was built in the city, such as the three major battles of the liberation war memorial facilities are located in the former Kuomintang army stationed in Jinzhou, Tianjin, Xuzhou three cities, the villages of our party to defeat the enemy field headquarters and field considerations less, in fact, the latter is the real red sites, more appealing and persuasive to meet the new conditions of social development from the urban to the rural tourist flow trends.
IV. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of Red Tourism Product Development strategic principles
important in Anhui Huaihai Campaign memorial and battlefield sites is a valuable resource to carry out red tourism, in its development and utilization, the first-class history of war at home and abroad to establish a construction site of the awareness of class tourist attractions, from a strategic perspective on product characterization and location accurate, after its development and improvement of market access to follow the principle of setting a number.
qualitative products:
largest in the history of Chinese strategic battle front line of our party Village headquarters and an important battlefield sites as the main contents of China's Red Ferris tourism products.
product positioning:
years of war the PLA of China's largest rural communities in command of the site;
people's revolutionary war, China's largest battlefield sites. Huaihai Campaign Ferris local real battlefield.
4 A state-level scenic spots.
product development principles to be followed:
differences in design: learning from the developed countries learn from the ancient battlefield tourist attractions design, fashion, art tools and technology approach, highlighting the product for local red tourism with the different products, with particular attention and Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign to increase the difference between similar products, and strive to create a CD of my unique, to the maximum to attract tourism by eye, but not easy for newcomers to imitate the differential advantage.
dislocation type development: around the country should focus on the military battlefield command and field characteristics of building products, design and carry out tourism operations. should closely refer to Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign enrich the tourist attractions of the converted red case, Hall must show the overall situation in Xuzhou, eleven can not be taken into account the specific context in an effort to try to deepen this product, refined, specialized, it is filled in every detail, touching on bright spot, in fact, become an integral tourist products Huaihai Campaign vivid red part. not only by the light spot of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, and fill the missing spots in order to form a dislocation development, mutual benefit can be a good development trend.
competitive plan: the design and planning of this product should have a high sense of competition, give full consideration to the future around the same resources may be an imitation of the product, which in addition to the building should be noted that when others can not imitate and create a unique advantage, must be reserved for the future development of new ideas and room for improvement in order not to be exceeded.
implementation of the above principles, take the following approach:
1. the people-oriented lines: changes in Historical displays and sites of general things but not people see the sights, heavy things the old way than to men, focusing on human performance of a large battle with thoughts, feelings, activities and acts, and World War II war the two sides focused on the subsequent fate of famous people, and in order to demonstrate the main line. in spots to attract and service functions. shall be the tourist demand for the center design.
2. scenarios reproduce the layout: Antique reproduction of the scene should be the year the design unique to the actual situation of Anhui, and routine maintenance to keep it lively and fresh forms. photovoltaic technology can be reproduced using modern acoustic feel then the field, so that visitors just like being the infection. support for the military part of the year on the military style weapons, according to be configured as is the battlefield. New construction and site facilities are to be kissing and style.
's description of the KMT army should be loyal to the spirit of history, showing the principle of objectivity, not haughty, not demonize.
3 . lively and interesting presentation: organization to a wide range of ranks of two survivors of the Battle of interviews and recording, filming, in full possession of all relevant historical data, based on the design, bursting with innovative display content. to collect a large number of historical photographs, artifacts, combatants oral and written memories, select one of the most exciting part of the full exhibition, the use of the description of the parties to the current fighting, pay attention to highlight the details of those who live moving. hire first-class large-scale war mural artist, painting, sculpture and so on. < br> 4. links across time and space: out of the monotony of matter-display instead of focusing on historical sites, break time and space limitations, combatants on both sides, forces of the past and the future boldly links and display, to narrow the current war, the relationship between staff and visitor.
5. interactive experience: radical change display shows the last set of games can be innovative museum, the colorful animation, painting, puzzles, comics, computer games and other forms, for the year after the Battle of historical facts, both sides fighting forces and generals, weapons and equipment used by both forces, etc. interesting set of tests and simulations, attracting many young people and tourists brain hands, correctly may gift souvenirs, so that in a lively and interactive entertainment experience in the military can be obtained and red traditional education.
6. superb fashion Design: Although the origin, mostly historical scenic spots, but in the exhibition tourist facilities, scenic access, services, facilities, etc., upon request, make it just fine fashion, stand watch, stand up tour, transfer of advanced electronic, audio , color, lighting and other means to highlight the exhibits, heighten the atmosphere, and create momentum. specific aspect of the decoration will have to order production of beautiful, avoiding all clumsy.
five. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of red tourism product development core creative idea
Name: Anhui Huaihai Battle of Red Tourism cum Central Plains Field Army headquarters in Huaibei
small Li Cai Xiao County of East China Field Army Command
Au Village development focus: the total set of Front Committee Linhuan battlefield command and double-stacking
development strategy: focus on developing the first phase of clinical Huan set and double-stacking to form the two pillars of the main attractions; the second phase of development, as appropriate, Li and Cai small concave, and further expand product tension scale.
development of creativity (a) of the Huaihai Campaign Linhuan set General Front Committee resident spots
Status: located in Huaibei City Suixi Linhuan the total set of Wenchang Palace Resident Architectural Committee prior to preservation, restoration situation is still good, has been set at the provincial level key protection units. an initial establishment of the exhibition opening .
attractions advantage: Huaihai Campaign is the front line of our party high command is located, is established early in the campaign when the General Front Committee of residence, the building remains with a certain volume, easy layout.
attractions less than: is Wenchang House doubles as a display of cultural relics and revolutionary historical sites, theme mixed, style is not uniform.
now on the General Front Committee and the Huaihai Campaign of the display is too thin, the production level of crude.
ruins of ancient buildings by the town building development restrictions, difficult to significantly expand.
development points: attractions meaning full, rich Ferris content, it is sufficient to operate as an independent attraction and to promote other attractions.
creative ideas:
nature attractions Set to: Huaihai Campaign largest field army headquarters.
remove other relics of the sites show the original function.
attractions receptionist and tour guide with the current uniform of the Central Plains Field Army during the war.
1 . Wenchang Palace courtyard entrance at the arrangements:
domestic sculpture could be invited to a group of great artists to create the General Front Committee Liu, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, after three members joined together with the headquarters staff sculptures. sculpture should not be too large, slightly larger in reality, a war atmosphere, and environmental consistency, ease of tourists take pictures that good. the background can be formed by Chairman Mao's calligraphy, the total power presentation before the committee.
along the north and south sides of the courtyard walls to create two large murals or sculptures the content one is captured Suxian; a check for the Huihe.
2. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace North House residence hall:
should be set, (omitted)
1. Huaihai Campaign brief before the national situation and the two field army briefly
2. Liu, Chen, Deng joined forces three set Huaibei Linhuan course of action before the proposed assembly Anhui
3. Huaihai battle started after the task facing the Central Plains Field Army
4. Chairman Mao's power so that the establishment of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign through
5. Chairman Mao, Deng Xiaoping, why selected as secretary of the General Front Committee (lifetime appreciation of Deng Xiaoping)
6. General Front Committee in Linhuan set 11 days major work force in the progress of China Field of wild
7. General Front Committee in Linhuan set an important contribution to the period (recommendation and determine fighter Tong)
8. Liu, Chen Tang three work characteristics, in close cooperation with each other anecdotes concerned
9. in Linhuan set before the birth of the Huaihai Campaign Committee continues to command the total arrival of a campaign
10. then the work of division and three, from Anhui Linhuan set into the Nanjing Presidential Palace, boarded the republic founded the podium.
11. after the founding of three of the deep friendship and life and death to contact
above content should vivid photographs, maps, lights, the parties memories such as to show, accompanied by vivid, proud to explain.
3. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace North House residence column heads of the main hall is the meeting venue of the Central Plains Field Army: should be set, Suxian military, the war metaphor love with twisters; Deng Xiaoping insisted on duty, prepared to change almost all operational trial telegraph, love to smoke, play cards; Chen Yi like poetry, opera and so on. try to make a room look angry, to the effect as if the owner is still living. the wall of the room should be arranged
master room and a selection of photographs biography resume (at a recent photo-based), to edit a set of leaps and bounds, compared to the life of a strong image contrast in order to achieve the dramatic contrast of the effect of laws, and enhance visual impact on the audience and psychological shock, such as Deng Xiaoping Photo optional: Paris - Red Army -129 Division 7 - Dabie Mountains - the General Front Committee - cross the river - into Nanjing - Founding Ceremony - the eight general secretary - the Cultural Revolution comeback - United Nations - visited the United States - Chairman of the Central Military Commission - the big parade - back Hong Kong, so as to shabby homes of the small contrast of great huge. in each room should have three periods in the photo, the tour guide also should pay attention to highlight the relationship between the three to contact law will be distributed to the three rooms in the spirit of the organic mix. Zedong Zhou Enlai, the evaluation of three in each bedroom
Play Room owner before his death, as appropriate, speech recordings, such as Deng Xiaoping's famous saying: I am a soldier, my real profession is war. playback of high-definition TV and a great man during his lifetime activities.
Liu, Chen Tang were introduced three sets in the working life Linhuan features and anecdotes.
5. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace residence of the North Court security staff home furnishings (slightly)
6. Wenchang Palace
Southern Branch Southern Branch of the layout of the room should be the true history of the Central Plains Field Army to resume its current arrangement, or operational command, communications, confidential and other functional arrangement of field command . in the Southern Branch of the walls of the room can be set to Japanese surprise yangmingbu airport).
2. Chairman Mao Chongqing negotiations first battle to win the war of liberation Shangdang Campaign
3. Ping-Han Campaign clinch, the first KMT war for liberation uprising. < br> 4. Zhongyuan forces breakthrough victory, 60000 break 30 million.
5. Southwest campaign to wipe out the entire 3 divisions, 11 divisions and the whole head-Lian Hu.
6. Geng Hu Tsung-nan wipe out 1 trip, br> 9. with the China Field, Yudong Hu Lian blocking rematch 18 Jun 10. captured Zhengzhou, enter the Huaihai
11. stationed in Anhui, captured Suxian, check Huang, encircled Huang.
12. Double Huang big bloody heap 12 to wipe out the army to exterminate 18 Jun Hu Lian.
13. played in the Yangtze River to go, starting from the Anhui destroy the Nanjing Presidential Palace
14. into the southwest and into Tibet, the red flag planted world roof
Liu and Deng (Central Plains Field Army, the Second Field Army for short) although the strength of record as three-field, fieldwork, but it is the liberation war, our military leaders of the four field armies in the name title to the loudest, the best known an army, but also a lifetime appreciation of Mao Zedong created a second generation of CPC leaders, Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of reform and opening up the troops. Huaihai Campaign is transferred out of the Dabie Mountains Liu and Deng after the bloody military reorganization, a glorious bath test of fire growth is The force ...
in the small village Lead in command of the headquarters of the shaking shook the world war two, the smoke of the total before the establishment of the Huaihai Campaign Committee, set off from Anhui Linhuan , across the Yangtze River, less than half a year has been moved into the KMT government in Nanjing Presidential Palace, which then mounted the republic founded in Tiananmen hh
Huaihai Campaign beginning and end, Chairman Mao, Deng Xiaoping said twice I command to you, delivery tasks, for later access to the top leadership of the party and state leaders of China's reform and opening up the work and lay a solid foundation.
fully American equipment, has a long siege the Red Army, the PLA's main force of 12 million people in the KMT ace horses, only due to the difference between the day, they planted a small farm in Anhui, who in turn was surrounded by encirclement, aircraft, artillery, tanks, cars built in a steel line of defense can not stop the attacks millet plus rifles, an all-American mechanization Corps, where just 20 days from the Dabie Mountains blaze wiped
people's army, where the bloody World War II experienced an unprecedented baptism, mighty cross the river, swept the Southwest, into Tibet, bloody Shangganling, Wei Zhen roof of the world, all the way to play hehe military might, were the military one after another, the stars shining h..
Anhui Huaihai Campaign, the core idea of red tourism product development planning
Huaihai Campaign of the twentieth century occurred in China late forties, is the Communist Party of China follow the historical trend , led the Chinese people after a long arduous struggle, the final overthrow of the Kuomintang, the establishment of new China, has a decisive influence on the process of major historical events, is a reflection of Chinese people's revolutionary armed forces from scratch, from small to large, to win with fewer to Strong Weak magnificent victory in the war, the CLS movement symphony. miracle in the history of modern warfare, the military campaign in the history of both China and the world has a unique historical position, attracted many later review and study. As a huge campaign of unprecedented scale, development complicated and confusing process, the ups and downs, many mixed blood and fire fighting, brilliant, long-term military struggle the two parties is the final decisive battle of wits level of life and death, which is full of magnificent epic sense of the dramatic and profound changes, with a view of the high grade sheet value. Huaihai Campaign in Anhui, Jiangsu and Henan provinces at the junction of Huaihai Plain, the original owners do not change the battlefield landscape, there are certain historical relics. Communist parties who works a lot on the war that year, many people still alive, the aftermath of the Battle and influence is still lingering, and thus, elaborate packaging of this valuable resource will be playing a high quality red tourism will be very valuable product.
Huaihai Campaign in Huaibei City is the most abundant tourism resources in the red region , with the campaign Huaihai Campaign of our party high command of the front seat has been located in Anhui, Deng Xiaoping and other proletarian revolutionaries, military strategist, in fact, in Anhui Province won the battle command. The area is also the battle of the KMT army to wipe out the second phase Huang Weibing the main battle group. The current time when the party and the country to vigorously promote tourism, and actively support the construction of the national base of good red tourism opportunities, area The high level of planning and resource planning, it would become a core competence and geographical characteristics of Anhui famous red tourism and military tourism products.
one. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of red tourism products in the market demand trends Jane Analysis
that tourism, according to the definition of the relevant departments, mainly means and the revolutionary spirit of the content, organization and reception of tourists to carry out memory of learning, the subject of sex tourism and sightseeing activities. travel conditions and requirements, in line with the domestic tourism market demand for the red trend of tourism products:
1. the reform and opening up, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China for centuries to wash the humiliation of being beaten poverty in the world behind the great powers created the short-term the rapid rise of the miracle, to attract more people to the ruling party's history of struggle for the interest, attention. In recent years Jinggangshan, Zunyi, Yan'an, Xibaipo traditional to commemorate the revolution on the red has become a popular tourism products. < br> 2. domestic tourism has been booming for years, in the economically developed coastal areas and cities, travel behavior is no longer a luxury, has become a daily needs, natural and cultural landscape in general have not fully able to meet frequent trips, many times the choice of travel demand. tourists travel has become more diversified selection, segmentation, for History, military, adventure and so increased the demand for products, the Internet is easy to find large quantities of these heated discussions.
3. At present, Sino-US relations, Sino-Japanese relations and the Taiwan question is the focus of great concern that people deal with independence, good preparations for military struggle, the party and state policies, but also the people concerned about the event. Taiwan actual KMT and the CPC is the legacy of military struggle, with the involvement of United States and Japan, can easily affect the national sentiment, while a cause for the Communist history of war, Fuguojiangbing great interest and desire for war epic heart and desire, full of admiration, many reflecting the history of war now, generals biography books, television, films hot, and repeatedly published show, military website forum is also in full swing, have shown that this demand trends.
4. the party and state now attaches great importance to carry out tourism, has been referred to consolidate its position as the ruling party political project, a high degree of cultural projects and economic projects to be promoted and supported. red tourism must rely to carry out a large number of different characteristics of memorial sites, all units and Caucus red tourism sector in the activities organized by the State will not be limited to travel at public expense, can be predicted that this demand will be ongoing and long-term.
5. to strengthen military education, and enhance awareness of national defense needs. the world's major countries For its participation in the war are very cherished historical sites, built with all kinds of tourist facilities to commemorate and promote patriotism. Chengping China has been a long time, but will forget the war crisis, a peaceful era of the generation of Chinese grew up, only to be able to resist the evolution repeatedly broadcast, Xibaipo and conduct of Red Tourism in advance all the Huaihai Campaign and double-stacking with a wider range of visibility. it may have a number of source layers: one year war between KMT and CPC staff (campaign huge, broad impact , many participants were still alive, like Battlefield revisit); Second, military history, military history researchers (across the Taiwan Strait, the United States, Japan, Russia, South Korea, etc.); three military academies teaching staff at home and abroad (with the repeated, multi- time to travel may be); IV is the primary, secondary teachers and students (this is the perennial source); five are self-drive tourists (highway access facilities); six military enthusiasts (networking, a large number); seven party government organs, enterprises red tourism activities of the participants (no longer have free medical concerns); eight general travel team (from the source to close the surrounding cities) and so on. II. prominence red tourism products of Anhui Huaihai Campaign the relying on the Huai Hai Campaign Memorial Museum in Xuzhou strong state financial support, will be developed into a comprehensive picture of the Huaihai Campaign panoramic view of the main attractions of red tourism products, but as a battle of one, three-stage battle Nianzhuang Wei Xinyi, Jiangsu, Henan, Chen Xiaoguanzhuang Yongcheng, sooner or later integration of products will also be in action. three provinces in the development of the various attractions of the theme of the future there will be joint tourism products, but more of a contest and competition. Therefore, our tourism product planning Anhui Huaihai Campaign, the first from market needs, from the competitive situation in mind, starting from a point of differentiation, in-depth historical study, mining resources, and try to find the bright spot that only our unique packaging to be highlighted, and then be playing a unique and outside the province of other Similar sites with very different core competencies of flagship product. so as to not winning by, shake off the past is always a simple imitation of a low level of attraction similar products Xuzhou model, to obtain dislocation future development of good cooperation and win-win situation .
Anhui Huaihai Campaign in Red only my unique tourism resources, the main bright spot as the most powerful:
1. Huaihai Campaign, the front line of our party headquarters is located in Anhui. Even though the Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign for the center, but only the Kuomintang Army, Xuzhou headquarters. Huaihai Campaign CCP General Front Committee was established in Anhui, the General Front Committee and the Central Plains Field Army headquarters from the first stage since the campaign has been based in Anhui. East China Field Army Battle Command in the third stage also moved to Anhui. General Front Committee, the Standing Committee of the Battle of Liu, Chen Tang period of three long-lived, Anhui, major decisions are in many campaigns made in Anhui. Battle of the end of the five members of the General Front Committee is the only one plenary session, held in Anhui. a small village in Anhui simple command headquarters in the success of the biggest battles in the history of the war at home and abroad, weak leadership in one fell swoop wipe out the American military equipment in the power section of the city KMT army, which also has the charm of history and the military.
2. Huaihai Campaign all 8 major combat occurred in Anhui four times, once three major battles took place in Anhui.
3. Deng Xiaoping started this heavy responsibility from the Anhui Province on 16 November .1948, Comrade Mao Zedong in the name of the Central Military Commission indicating the establishment of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign telegram sent to the station in the set of Huaibei Linhuan Central Plains Field Army headquarters, telegram to Comrade Deng Xiaoping explicitly as secretary of the General Front Committee, the unified command of the Central Plains, East China Field Army the two. the beginning and end of the Huaihai Campaign occasion, Chairman Mao to Deng Xiaoping has twice said, the burden of military leaders, and has accomplished the task of the Party Central Committee delivered its top leaders and then into the Communist leadership of China's reform and opening up the work and lay a solid foundation.
4. Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the former chief secretaries of Anhui During the exemplary work style and performance.
5. General Front Committee in Anhui Huaihai Campaign proposed second phase of the proposal first hit Huang campaign to promote the smooth development. Huaihai Campaign fully started, when the two field army troops multiple use, while progress in North-South war, the situation is complicated and confusing, the Central Military Commission and China Field Regiment for the annihilation Huang Baitao held following the main direction of chess uncertain step, Liu Chen Tang on November 19 in Anhui Province for two consecutive power the second phase of the Battle of the central clear recommendations first hit Huang, adopted by Mao Zedong, .
6. Huaihai after the battle, the General Front Committee to continue to command the arrival of a campaign in Anhui Province. In the establishment of the General Front Committee of Anhui Linhuan set has been entered from the Nanjing Presidential Palace.
7. Liu, Chen Yi Deng Xiaoping in Anhui during the General Front Committee to lifelong friendships forged. Liu, Chen Tang trio as the Huaihai Campaign of the Standing Committee of the General Front Committee in Anhui Huaibei Linhuan joined after the first set of working together in the past 50 days Anhui until the end of the Huaihai Campaign. hard taking care of each other under three, joint command operations and forged a profound friendship to keep a lifetime, very moving, this situation between the principal leaders in the other field armies are rare.
8. Before the war the Central Plains Field Army in the Huaibei Linhuan set only once held a high-level military meeting. at the deployment of the first attack of Deng Xiaoping Su County, made famous: the lighting is the Central Plains Field Army, and the brightest National Revolutionary People's Liberation Army still had still win the Yangtze River We pay this price is worth it. Chen Yi poetry bolstering departure: champion, both times as an important future military.
9. Huaihai Campaign, Mao Zedong, the General Front Committee in accordance with instructions in the village of Huai Cai Au held the only time the General Front Committee plenary session. The meeting on the final group and subsequent elimination of Du Yuming arrival of a campaign for the deployment.
10. Double stacking the Huaihai Campaign of World War II is a key operational continuity.
11. Shuangduiji war between KMT and CPC directly affects the close attention of top leaders.
12. Double War is a heap of China's liberation war in the wild wild two field army fighting alongside the best long-term masterpiece.
13. Shuangduiji Huaihai Campaign World War II created the weakest forces to surround and annihilate the enemy army main force of the miracle of the strongest.
14 . from the Dabie Mountains to the decisive battle of two into the double-stacking: the battle history of the Central Plains Field Army legendary.
15 .. double-stacking is the Huaihai Campaign, World War II battle head-Communist armies, the highest percentage of casualties in a typical wars.
16. Double World War II military commander of the fighting forces the dump will be bright stars. then the force generated a total of party and state leaders after another 2, Party Central Committee Vice-Chairman 2, 9 members of the Central Political Bureau, Central Military Commission Chairman 1, CMC Vice Chairman 5 people, Marshal 2, general 2, will be 9, Defense 1, 2, Deputy Minister, Chief of General Staff of PLA 1, 1 Director of the General Political Department, Volunteers commander, deputy commander of the 1, the military branches of the military commander of the 5 people, a large military commander 6, North China exercises and the 35th anniversary of the founding commander of a military parade persons.
17. Shuangduiji name of the fighting forces of our army troops war after another, military might play national prestige. Central Plains Field Army 6 vertical, 9 longitudinal adaptation of the 12th army troops, 15 military after the Korean War the U.S. military campaign reassert Shangganling brave, our military is still the main force of the military struggle against Taiwan. adapted from the Yu Wansu Military Forces the 18th Army into Tibet, completed the victory in the counter-insurgency and counter-Indian border war of self-defense mission, the commander is the most Guohua Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, senior military commanders loved one.
18. Shuangduiji war wiped out 18 of the enemy forces are long-term battle with the army, fighting with the reorganization of the KMT's 74th Army Division considerable number one ace in five main arms. Central Plains of the War of Liberation Army of Mao Zedong repeatedly named on the battlefield in the field required to find the F key while China Field The army has been unable to seize the fighter objects. no later than walk all day in Suixian Ex, 18, complained that the military commander Yang Botao for Huang life, refuses to forgive.
19. Shuangduiji war wiped out the enemy army was once 85 Liu and Deng repeatedly harassing opponents troops advancing the Dabie Mountains, is famous Liu proposed and military operations, is best known at home and abroad, and his Misfortune ups and downs, the most dramatic color of the KMT army generals.
21. Shuangduiji war to escape the enemy wounding deputy commander of the 12th Corps, Hu Lian experience with military operations , the KMT retreated to Taiwan's major military leader, has conducted after the reorganization of the 12 Corps to participate in the Battle of Kinmen, a three-field landing operations forces army caused great harm; 1953 Dongshan Island, HU caused by Mao Zedong led his army to invade the direct attention, is Ye Fei defeated army command; 1958 shelling of Kinmen was army artillery bombed Hu insurance. Hu Lian, Taiwan has long been regarded as the patron saint, until today there is still a greater impact in the Taiwan Strait. At present, Kinmen tourism has open to visitors on the mainland, Hu Lian expected to further improve visibility.
22. Shuangduiji just names and KMT Chen Cheng, Liu Yazhou profile this year because of the famous long article Mission battlefield Huang Weibing unique car line, as the only other domestic battlefield see.
III. for the current existence of the domestic shortage of red tourism product review
Art of War said: , was considered more the experience of red tourism products, and in particular pay attention to make up for those deficiencies have been found, so can only be done at the planning stage can be no detours.
attention in recent years around the support, the Red continued selling tourism products, has the formation of domestic tourism market in the category, beginning to take shape, but not a long time to develop special tourism products, is also very obvious shortcomings:
1. products form a single, identical: mostly in the monument, monument, statues, the main exhibition, where we go see are the external manifestation of this.
2. attractions combined with the market management mechanism is not tight: most of the country under the District Red tourist attractions, cultural sector management, the introduction of a serious shortage of tourism and market awareness.
3. attractions and more to be said, to see the less: the revolutionary sites, sites less than a reasonable package, can not fully meet the needs of tourists Ferris, was not enough to see the total after the taste, does not quench thirst.
4. introduce and explain the contents of the text needs ignored audience: the current red tourism attractions throughout the commentary are either not familiar with the travel history, military history written by professional researchers, most of the sake of discussion, serious preaching is more than less than interesting, and only bones not flesh and blood, generally tourists can not help feeling it sounds boring, does not meet the requirements of the tourism industry for all ages, tastes.
5. show behind old-fashioned way, making poor: can not use the modern fashion science and technology to the full interpretation of the red content, can not truly effective in attracting tourists, so as to achieve infection results.
6. the lack of site-style attractions battlefield: armed struggle, the Chinese Communist Party in rural areas surrounding the cities grow in a magic weapon for the war years, but The total past the memorial to the Revolutionary War was built in the city, such as the three major battles of the liberation war memorial facilities are located in the former Kuomintang army stationed in Jinzhou, Tianjin, Xuzhou three cities, the villages of our party to defeat the enemy field headquarters and field considerations less, in fact, the latter is the real red sites, more appealing and persuasive to meet the new conditions of social development from the urban to the rural tourist flow trends.
IV. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of Red Tourism Product Development strategic principles
important in Anhui Huaihai Campaign memorial and battlefield sites is a valuable resource to carry out red tourism, in its development and utilization, the first-class history of war at home and abroad to establish a construction site of the awareness of class tourist attractions, from a strategic perspective on product characterization and location accurate, after its development and improvement of market access to follow the principle of setting a number.
qualitative products:
largest in the history of Chinese strategic battle front line of our party Village headquarters and an important battlefield sites as the main contents of China's Red Ferris tourism products.
product positioning:
years of war the PLA of China's largest rural communities in command of the site;
people's revolutionary war, China's largest battlefield sites. Huaihai Campaign Ferris local real battlefield.
4 A state-level scenic spots.
product development principles to be followed:
differences in design: learning from the developed countries learn from the ancient battlefield tourist attractions design, fashion, art tools and technology approach, highlighting the product for local red tourism with the different products, with particular attention and Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign to increase the difference between similar products, and strive to create a CD of my unique, to the maximum to attract tourism by eye, but not easy for newcomers to imitate the differential advantage.
dislocation type development: around the country should focus on the military battlefield command and field characteristics of building products, design and carry out tourism operations. should closely refer to Xuzhou Huaihai Campaign enrich the tourist attractions of the converted red case, Hall must show the overall situation in Xuzhou, eleven can not be taken into account the specific context in an effort to try to deepen this product, refined, specialized, it is filled in every detail, touching on bright spot, in fact, become an integral tourist products Huaihai Campaign vivid red part. not only by the light spot of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, and fill the missing spots in order to form a dislocation development, mutual benefit can be a good development trend.
competitive plan: the design and planning of this product should have a high sense of competition, give full consideration to the future around the same resources may be an imitation of the product, which in addition to the building should be noted that when others can not imitate and create a unique advantage, must be reserved for the future development of new ideas and room for improvement in order not to be exceeded.
implementation of the above principles, take the following approach:
1. the people-oriented lines: changes in Historical displays and sites of general things but not people see the sights, heavy things the old way than to men, focusing on human performance of a large battle with thoughts, feelings, activities and acts, and World War II war the two sides focused on the subsequent fate of famous people, and in order to demonstrate the main line. in spots to attract and service functions. shall be the tourist demand for the center design.
2. scenarios reproduce the layout: Antique reproduction of the scene should be the year the design unique to the actual situation of Anhui, and routine maintenance to keep it lively and fresh forms. photovoltaic technology can be reproduced using modern acoustic feel then the field, so that visitors just like being the infection. support for the military part of the year on the military style weapons, according to be configured as is the battlefield. New construction and site facilities are to be kissing and style.
's description of the KMT army should be loyal to the spirit of history, showing the principle of objectivity, not haughty, not demonize.
3 . lively and interesting presentation: organization to a wide range of ranks of two survivors of the Battle of interviews and recording, filming, in full possession of all relevant historical data, based on the design, bursting with innovative display content. to collect a large number of historical photographs, artifacts, combatants oral and written memories, select one of the most exciting part of the full exhibition, the use of the description of the parties to the current fighting, pay attention to highlight the details of those who live moving. hire first-class large-scale war mural artist, painting, sculpture and so on. < br> 4. links across time and space: out of the monotony of matter-display instead of focusing on historical sites, break time and space limitations, combatants on both sides, forces of the past and the future boldly links and display, to narrow the current war, the relationship between staff and visitor.
5. interactive experience: radical change display shows the last set of games can be innovative museum, the colorful animation, painting, puzzles, comics, computer games and other forms, for the year after the Battle of historical facts, both sides fighting forces and generals, weapons and equipment used by both forces, etc. interesting set of tests and simulations, attracting many young people and tourists brain hands, correctly may gift souvenirs, so that in a lively and interactive entertainment experience in the military can be obtained and red traditional education.
6. superb fashion Design: Although the origin, mostly historical scenic spots, but in the exhibition tourist facilities, scenic access, services, facilities, etc., upon request, make it just fine fashion, stand watch, stand up tour, transfer of advanced electronic, audio , color, lighting and other means to highlight the exhibits, heighten the atmosphere, and create momentum. specific aspect of the decoration will have to order production of beautiful, avoiding all clumsy.
five. Anhui Huaihai Campaign of red tourism product development core creative idea
Name: Anhui Huaihai Battle of Red Tourism cum Central Plains Field Army headquarters in Huaibei
small Li Cai Xiao County of East China Field Army Command
Au Village development focus: the total set of Front Committee Linhuan battlefield command and double-stacking
development strategy: focus on developing the first phase of clinical Huan set and double-stacking to form the two pillars of the main attractions; the second phase of development, as appropriate, Li and Cai small concave, and further expand product tension scale.
development of creativity (a) of the Huaihai Campaign Linhuan set General Front Committee resident spots
Status: located in Huaibei City Suixi Linhuan the total set of Wenchang Palace Resident Architectural Committee prior to preservation, restoration situation is still good, has been set at the provincial level key protection units. an initial establishment of the exhibition opening .
attractions advantage: Huaihai Campaign is the front line of our party high command is located, is established early in the campaign when the General Front Committee of residence, the building remains with a certain volume, easy layout.
attractions less than: is Wenchang House doubles as a display of cultural relics and revolutionary historical sites, theme mixed, style is not uniform.
now on the General Front Committee and the Huaihai Campaign of the display is too thin, the production level of crude.
ruins of ancient buildings by the town building development restrictions, difficult to significantly expand.
development points: attractions meaning full, rich Ferris content, it is sufficient to operate as an independent attraction and to promote other attractions.
creative ideas:
nature attractions Set to: Huaihai Campaign largest field army headquarters.
remove other relics of the sites show the original function.
attractions receptionist and tour guide with the current uniform of the Central Plains Field Army during the war.
1 . Wenchang Palace courtyard entrance at the arrangements:
domestic sculpture could be invited to a group of great artists to create the General Front Committee Liu, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, after three members joined together with the headquarters staff sculptures. sculpture should not be too large, slightly larger in reality, a war atmosphere, and environmental consistency, ease of tourists take pictures that good. the background can be formed by Chairman Mao's calligraphy, the total power presentation before the committee.
along the north and south sides of the courtyard walls to create two large murals or sculptures the content one is captured Suxian; a check for the Huihe.
2. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace North House residence hall:
should be set, (omitted)
1. Huaihai Campaign brief before the national situation and the two field army briefly
2. Liu, Chen, Deng joined forces three set Huaibei Linhuan course of action before the proposed assembly Anhui
3. Huaihai battle started after the task facing the Central Plains Field Army
4. Chairman Mao's power so that the establishment of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign through
5. Chairman Mao, Deng Xiaoping, why selected as secretary of the General Front Committee (lifetime appreciation of Deng Xiaoping)
6. General Front Committee in Linhuan set 11 days major work force in the progress of China Field of wild
7. General Front Committee in Linhuan set an important contribution to the period (recommendation and determine fighter Tong)
8. Liu, Chen Tang three work characteristics, in close cooperation with each other anecdotes concerned
9. in Linhuan set before the birth of the Huaihai Campaign Committee continues to command the total arrival of a campaign
10. then the work of division and three, from Anhui Linhuan set into the Nanjing Presidential Palace, boarded the republic founded the podium.
11. after the founding of three of the deep friendship and life and death to contact
above content should vivid photographs, maps, lights, the parties memories such as to show, accompanied by vivid, proud to explain.
3. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace North House residence column heads of the main hall is the meeting venue of the Central Plains Field Army: should be set, Suxian military, the war metaphor love with twisters; Deng Xiaoping insisted on duty, prepared to change almost all operational trial telegraph, love to smoke, play cards; Chen Yi like poetry, opera and so on. try to make a room look angry, to the effect as if the owner is still living. the wall of the room should be arranged
master room and a selection of photographs biography resume (at a recent photo-based), to edit a set of leaps and bounds, compared to the life of a strong image contrast in order to achieve the dramatic contrast of the effect of laws, and enhance visual impact on the audience and psychological shock, such as Deng Xiaoping Photo optional: Paris - Red Army -129 Division 7 - Dabie Mountains - the General Front Committee - cross the river - into Nanjing - Founding Ceremony - the eight general secretary - the Cultural Revolution comeback - United Nations - visited the United States - Chairman of the Central Military Commission - the big parade - back Hong Kong, so as to shabby homes of the small contrast of great huge. in each room should have three periods in the photo, the tour guide also should pay attention to highlight the relationship between the three to contact law will be distributed to the three rooms in the spirit of the organic mix. Zedong Zhou Enlai, the evaluation of three in each bedroom
Play Room owner before his death, as appropriate, speech recordings, such as Deng Xiaoping's famous saying: I am a soldier, my real profession is war. playback of high-definition TV and a great man during his lifetime activities.
Liu, Chen Tang were introduced three sets in the working life Linhuan features and anecdotes.
5. Wenchang Liu, Chen Tang Palace residence of the North Court security staff home furnishings (slightly)
6. Wenchang Palace
Southern Branch Southern Branch of the layout of the room should be the true history of the Central Plains Field Army to resume its current arrangement, or operational command, communications, confidential and other functional arrangement of field command . in the Southern Branch of the walls of the room can be set to Japanese surprise yangmingbu airport).
2. Chairman Mao Chongqing negotiations first battle to win the war of liberation Shangdang Campaign
3. Ping-Han Campaign clinch, the first KMT war for liberation uprising. < br> 4. Zhongyuan forces breakthrough victory, 60000 break 30 million.
5. Southwest campaign to wipe out the entire 3 divisions, 11 divisions and the whole head-Lian Hu.
6. Geng Hu Tsung-nan wipe out 1 trip, br> 9. with the China Field, Yudong Hu Lian blocking rematch 18 Jun 10. captured Zhengzhou, enter the Huaihai
11. stationed in Anhui, captured Suxian, check Huang, encircled Huang.
12. Double Huang big bloody heap 12 to wipe out the army to exterminate 18 Jun Hu Lian.
13. played in the Yangtze River to go, starting from the Anhui destroy the Nanjing Presidential Palace
14. into the southwest and into Tibet, the red flag planted world roof
Liu and Deng (Central Plains Field Army, the Second Field Army for short) although the strength of record as three-field, fieldwork, but it is the liberation war, our military leaders of the four field armies in the name title to the loudest, the best known an army, but also a lifetime appreciation of Mao Zedong created a second generation of CPC leaders, Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of reform and opening up the troops. Huaihai Campaign is transferred out of the Dabie Mountains Liu and Deng after the bloody military reorganization, a glorious bath test of fire growth is The force ...
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Strive for happiness
Used to think of happiness fall from the sky, happily the holding in his hand, looking at all the silly, there is a generous embrace can make their own spoiled, extravagant in his arrogance, willfulness, and a variety of small errors, this is me and you This is more than a year together in the happiness you give me. Oh, I like a naive child, so that their willful and innocent hearts, simple, good and bad are unreserved out, cry for You laugh, happy to tears, in front of his first love, I am deeply grateful to God, in front of friends who can not mind the sweet words, for fear that the will was gone, Oh, and sometimes silly think, I just do life Well, huh, huh, just cried, moved, and now laughed again, Oh, I recall why we get along, it is sweet, I remember the first time we fight I went to Zhenjiang, come back when you hold me, so tight so tight, as if afraid that I'll never come back. in Suzhou, Yangzhou, in Lushan, in Wuyuan, ha ha, and our schools, McDonald's, have left us happy figure, pig, and we together more than a year or a short is not short, say long not long, though some of us get along sometimes plain, sometimes I also performed a negative pessimistic, but my heart will never give up our together ideas. think Shu Ying sister said, intuition we will be together, Oh, I have been asked to be Really, Really, huh, huh, good fun.
love to come to God, in my view has always been , has been the fate of your pet may be mixed with the head I never thought would be facing a crisis, and I enjoy our unbridled love, I believe every word you said: You say we're together, you will always love me, you'll never leave me, we will be happy forever hh good here, I want to thank you for giving me all this!
In fact, I should understand the principle, any happiness is to come will the hard, do not expect others will look to hand over their own happiness, and I, you can not easily give up their love and happiness. Although I have not love, fight for what means will not use even the effort, including that certain of insincere so, I'm still me, I know your dog, I will love you in his own way, in your side, as long as the pig or I love! I cherish what we have now, I yearn for us which may have in the future. I may not so poetic, not so full of fun, not so fascinating and charming, I'm just an ordinary, plain girl, do not know how much power they can, but I'm beginning to end, to pay for is Overall, I love you, maybe I face the opponent is strong, offensive is sharp, and gives me trouble is unprecedented, but as long as the pig standing in front of me, love in front of me, I would be the most powerful and most happy that one!
Indeed, there is also a realm of love, that is love to give up, pig said that if one day I do not love you, dislike you, you will leave I am, I also want to pig, I think you have no feeling for the old love did not likely, which is why, for this storm are not as me, so frankly, my heart there is also fear, in fact, I Because this matter does great harm has been, and she almost broke my fantasies of our love. So I say, if the pig is really fit before the girl, although I will broke our hearts, but I will choose let go, I do not want against one blessing you, I will be far away, may lose the ability to love again, but I would not choose to share a lover, love is a required course in life, you know, my life already be complete, if you give me hh
love to come to God, in my view has always been , has been the fate of your pet may be mixed with the head I never thought would be facing a crisis, and I enjoy our unbridled love, I believe every word you said: You say we're together, you will always love me, you'll never leave me, we will be happy forever hh good here, I want to thank you for giving me all this!
In fact, I should understand the principle, any happiness is to come will the hard, do not expect others will look to hand over their own happiness, and I, you can not easily give up their love and happiness. Although I have not love, fight for what means will not use even the effort, including that certain of insincere so, I'm still me, I know your dog, I will love you in his own way, in your side, as long as the pig or I love! I cherish what we have now, I yearn for us which may have in the future. I may not so poetic, not so full of fun, not so fascinating and charming, I'm just an ordinary, plain girl, do not know how much power they can, but I'm beginning to end, to pay for is Overall, I love you, maybe I face the opponent is strong, offensive is sharp, and gives me trouble is unprecedented, but as long as the pig standing in front of me, love in front of me, I would be the most powerful and most happy that one!
Indeed, there is also a realm of love, that is love to give up, pig said that if one day I do not love you, dislike you, you will leave I am, I also want to pig, I think you have no feeling for the old love did not likely, which is why, for this storm are not as me, so frankly, my heart there is also fear, in fact, I Because this matter does great harm has been, and she almost broke my fantasies of our love. So I say, if the pig is really fit before the girl, although I will broke our hearts, but I will choose let go, I do not want against one blessing you, I will be far away, may lose the ability to love again, but I would not choose to share a lover, love is a required course in life, you know, my life already be complete, if you give me hh
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Nba Star Story
1959 George Mikan (George Mikan)
Born: 6/18/24
College: DePaul
Signed by: Chicago American Gears (NBL), 1946
Height: 6-10
Weight : 245 lbs
6 times by the NBA championship, three times as NBA's top scorer, 2 times as NBA in rebounding, is NBA50 in history as the first true sentence, he was a high degree of myopia ..
1960 Edward McCauley (Edward Best Team Second Team
? seven NBA All-Star (1951-57)
? NBA All-Star Game first MVP
? 1958 with the St. Louis Hawks easily won the NBA championship
? when the total score after the retirement of George? Mikan and Dolph? thank AES third
1961 Andy Phillips (Andy Phillip)
with his dribble and quick hands, superb known for the incredible pass.
? five BAA / NBA All-Star (1951-55)
? with the Boston Celtics won the NBA championship in 1957
? five division titles (1951, In Philadelphia ,1955-56 ,1957-58 Fort Wayne, Boston)
? participated in five championship finals (1947,1955,1956,1957,1958)
? NBA history as the first of 500 assists times a player
1964 John Russell (John game, the NBA had already quit before the establishment of his career. led the team in Cleveland Luo Sen Bulang ABL championship three times more gains, and four times into the ABL All-Star selection. After retiring twice served as Seton Hall University (Seton Hall University ) Coach, Seton Hall University in the U.S. a place in college basketball, Seton Hall University during the period in John? Russell made 129 negative record 279 wins and won the NIT championship in 1953. In this period of his star pupil, Bob? Day Davis (Bob Davies, Rochester Royals Magic backcourt, 6-foot-1? track? complain Ipomoea care of solid hand drum used by peddlers began lobe ��? 0 season, 2 time NBA All-Star team four times NBL-NBA All-Star team).
1946 of John? Russell Boston Celtics became the first head teacher.
1966 ��������� (Joe Lapchick)
1929,1930 years with Cleveland as a center won two World Series titles
? led the Knicks won the Eastern championship twice (1953,1954)
? three times to lead the Knicks into the BAA championship finals (1951-53)
? 1951 ��March 2 led the East All Star team won the championship
1969 Bob Davis (Bob Davies)
his fast-moving and his behind and cross under the high point of dribbling the ball the other player can accurately know what to do.
? a three-time-NBA First Team (1950-52)
? a selected-NBA Second Team (1953)
? 1949 �� BAA First Team Year
? 1951 year follow Rochester Royals won the NBA championship
? 1947 �� NBL's MVP
? 1947 �� best NBL First Team
? 1948 �� NBL-NBA Second Team
? 1946 year follow Rochester Royals won the NBL championship
? 1949 �� BAA assists
? maintained NBA single-game assists record (20)
? four NBA All-Star (1951 -54)
? NBA25 anniversary of the 1970 selected the best team
? 1970 was
Bob. Pettit
Born: 12/12/32
College: Louisiana State
Drafted by: Milwaukee Hawks, 1954
Height: 6-9
Weight: 215 lbs.
known as NBA50's greatest power forward, is the first NBA history to score 20,000 points mark scorer
1970 Baobokuxi (Bob Cousy)
Born: 8 / 9 / 28
College: Holy Cross
Drafted by: Tri-Cities Blackhawks, 1950
Height: 6-1
Weight: 175 lbs
6 times by the NBA championship, won 1 Annual NBA MVP, 2 time All-Star Game MVP, 10 time All-NBA, basketball player he was later set an example and role model of learning.
1972 �ลл��˹ (Dolph Schayes)
Dolph Dolph Schayes
. Xieyi Si
Born: 5/19/28
College: New York University
Drafted by: New York Knicks (BAA) and Tri-Cities Blackhawks (NBL), 1948
Height: 6-8
Weight: 220 lbs.
6 time All-NBA, first won the NBA championship, played in 13 NBA All-Star Game, he was a pitcher and a Name fierce rebounder, start-up years in the NBA to basketball as a sport loved by the people process, plays an important role.
1974 Bill Russell (Bill Russell)
Bill Russel
Bill. Russell
Born: 2/12/34
College: University of San Francisco
Drafted by: St. Louis Hawks, 1956
Height: 6-9?
Weight : 220 lbs
11 times by the NBA champions, including a 8-connected champion, 5 times elected NBA most valuable player in 1967 became the first black NBA coach. Russell is the greatest basketball history defensive center
1975 Bier Sha Coleman (Bill Sharman)
Bill Sharman
Bill. Arman
Born: 5/25/26
College: USC
Drafted by: Washington Capitols, 1950
Height: 6-1
Weight: 190 lbs
4 times by the NBA champion, 7 time All-NBA or Second Team All-Star Game 8. He is NBA first revolutionary guard, is one of the NBA history as the first shooting to 40% of the Guards.
1975 Tom Mugu La (Tom Gola)
1956 �� led by rookie The Warriors won the world championship
? 1958 was selected the best team that year NBA
? five NBA All-Star (1960-64)
? only won two NCAA, NIT and NBA championship one of the players
? was named : 9/16/34
College: College of Idaho; Seattle University
Drafted by: Minneapolis Lakers, 1958
Height: 6-5
Weight: 225 lbs.
An offensive force, Baylor averaged 27.4 points per game in his 14-year career.
10 time All-NBA 1959 All-Star Game MVP was awarded the title. He is the most fun to watch basketball in the history of one of God pitcher, is both a model run will be cast.
1977 ��ķ��-�� (Jim Pollard)
ABL league in scoring twice (1946,1947)
? two ABL's MVP (1946,1947)
? NBL in 1950, the year the best team was selected first team
? 1949 BAA was selected the NBA's best team that year the first team
? twice selected the best team league second team BAA (1952,1954) < br>? 1948 year follow Minneapolis Lakers won the NBL championship
? 1949 year follow BAA Minneapolis Lakers won the championship
? four times with the Minneapolis Lakers NBA championship teams (1950,1952-54)
? four NBA All-Star (1951,1952,1954,1955)
? his jumping ability because of the strong to be known as br> 1977 Kerry Fuhai root (Cliff Hagan)
two-NBA Second Team selection (1958,1959)
? five NBA All-Star (1958-62)
? 1958 ��travel with the team winning the NBA championship
? with the Hawks won five NBA Western champion (1957-61)
? decade in the NBA in scoring 13,447 points (average 18.0 points)
? participated The first session of the ABA League All-Star Game, and is in two different league All-Star Game are the first person to
1977 �Ǹ����˹ (Joe Fulks)
is considered in the transformation of modern basketball first person shooting tactics, from trying to push the basket with both hands to throw with one hand the evolution of a great contribution to make.
BAA league-best three-time first team (1947-49)
BAA two scoring titles (1947,1948)
1951 ��-NBA Second Team NBA All-Star
twice (1951,1952)
1947 year follow BAA Philadelphia Warriors won the league championship < br> 1970 was selected NBA25 anniversary of the best team
1952 Moved in NAIA Basketball Hall of Fame
1949 �� 2 �� 10 at the Jets and the Indiana scored 63 points in the game, setting a then NBA record < br> 1977 Paul Miguel Rui Xin (Paul Arizin)
Paul Arizin
Paul. Ali Kim
Born: 4/9/28
College: Villanova
Drafted by: Philadelphia Warriors, 1950
Height: 6-4
Weight: 200 lbs
won NBA championship once, 3 time All-NBA team, won two NBA scoring titles, 10 All-Star team. Paul. Ali King is a pioneer in basketball is the
Died: 10/12/99
College: Kansas
Drafted by: Philadelphia Warriors, 1959
Height: 7-1
Weight: 275 lbs
won two NBA general Champion, 7 times as NBA scoring, rebounding 11 times to become, March 2, 1963 is a record of 100 points scored in a NBA record is a versatile star basketball history.
1979 Jie Right Way Manchester (Jerry West)
Jerry West
Jerry. West
Born: 5/28/38
College: West Virginia
Drafted by: Minneapolis Lakers, 1960 < br> Height: 6-2
Weight: 180 lbs.
NBA's best team, won NBA championship in 1972, was elected in 1969 playoff most valuable player. He is the NBA really pitcher of God, the final word at a crucial moment.
1979 Oscar Robertson (Oscar Robertson)
Oscar Robertson
Born: 11/24/38
College: Cincinnati
Drafted by: Cincinnati Royals, 1960
Height: 6-5
Weight: 210 lbs.
The Big O have an NBA championship, the first annual NBA All-Star Game MVP and an MVP. He is the NBA's all-around well-deserved title.
1979 Jerry Lucas (Jerry Lucas)
Jerry Lucas
Jerry. LU Cass
Born: 3/30/40
College: Ohio State
Drafted by: Cincinnati Royals, 1962
Height: 6-8
Weight: 230 lbs.
Lucas was named to seven All-Star teams in his 11-year NBA career.
1960 was awarded the Olympic champion, won NBA championship in 1973, 3-NBA selection, 7-time NBA All-Star NBA team. He is Basketball History of only three in high school, college, Olympic and professional league players have won one title
1981 ˹�����? (Slater Martin)
NBA in height was a very great player but one.
? five-time-NBA second team (1954,1956-59)
? four times with the Minneapolis Lakers won the NBA championship (1950,1952-54)
? 1958 NBA accompanied the St. Louis Hawks won the championship
? 1957,1960 into the NBA Finals two years
? seven-time NBA All-Star (1953-59)
? in Minnesota Awa Aires seven years only missed four games
1981 Haier Grier (Hal Greer)
Hal Greer
Hall. Greer
Born: 6/26/36
College: Marshall
Drafted by: Syracuse Nationals, 1958
Height: 6-2
Weight: 175 lbs.
Greer, a 10-time All-Star, was the heart of the 76ers' dominant teams of the '60s.
1967 was awarded the NBA championship 10 consecutive NBA All-Star team. Hal. Greer is the kind of technology, especially skilled and comprehensive basketball guard.
1982 Jack Intervet Man (Jack Twyman)
1957 �� NBA second round draft pick by the Royals General tenth selected
? six named NBA All-Star (1957-60,1962-63)
? two selected-NBA Second Team (1960,1962)
? in a total of 823 games was 15,840 (mean 19.2 points)
? sixth in the NBA to score 15,000 points in the player
Michael - Jordan
Birthdate: February 17, 1963
Hometown: Brooklyn, New York
Height: 1 meter 98
Position: Guard
Education: Graduated from 84 North Carolina State University
NBA career: 14 seasons (1984-1993,1994-1998,2001-2002)
Division Position: defender
1984 �� NBA Draft first round by the Chicago Bulls team selected an annual rate between 1991-1993 NBA champion Chicago Bulls to complete the baseball career, Jordan was frustrated March 19, 1995 return to the NBA, the first game against the Indiana Pacers, had 19 points, grabbed 6 rebounds, 6 assists and 3 steals. After the 1996 - has led the Bulls in 1998 and won the NBA championship three times the year 1999 January 13, Jordan announced the official retirement, his jersey No. 23 is also permanently retired United Center Stadium 19 January .2000 began as the Washington Wizards CEO. Jiaohu Jordan's wife Anita, gave birth to three children.
2001 �� 10 31, in the opening match of the season in the NBA, Jordan formally back the second time.
past achievements < br> main record:
6 times get NBA championship: (1990-91, 1991-92, 1992-93, 1995-96, 1996-97 and 1997-98)
2 times won the Olympic champion: 1984, 1992
Honor:
1985 was awarded the NBA Rookie of the Year Award
6 times elected to NBA Finals Most Valuable Player: (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998) < br> 5 times elected NBA most valuable player: (1988, 1991, 1992, 1996, 1998)
3 times elected to NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player: (1988, 1996, 1998)
1996, he was elected scoring record: 69 points (March 28, 1990 on the Cleveland Cavaliers)
Born: 6/18/24
College: DePaul
Signed by: Chicago American Gears (NBL), 1946
Height: 6-10
Weight : 245 lbs
6 times by the NBA championship, three times as NBA's top scorer, 2 times as NBA in rebounding, is NBA50 in history as the first true sentence, he was a high degree of myopia ..
1960 Edward McCauley (Edward Best Team Second Team
? seven NBA All-Star (1951-57)
? NBA All-Star Game first MVP
? 1958 with the St. Louis Hawks easily won the NBA championship
? when the total score after the retirement of George? Mikan and Dolph? thank AES third
1961 Andy Phillips (Andy Phillip)
with his dribble and quick hands, superb known for the incredible pass.
? five BAA / NBA All-Star (1951-55)
? with the Boston Celtics won the NBA championship in 1957
? five division titles (1951, In Philadelphia ,1955-56 ,1957-58 Fort Wayne, Boston)
? participated in five championship finals (1947,1955,1956,1957,1958)
? NBA history as the first of 500 assists times a player
1964 John Russell (John game, the NBA had already quit before the establishment of his career. led the team in Cleveland Luo Sen Bulang ABL championship three times more gains, and four times into the ABL All-Star selection. After retiring twice served as Seton Hall University (Seton Hall University ) Coach, Seton Hall University in the U.S. a place in college basketball, Seton Hall University during the period in John? Russell made 129 negative record 279 wins and won the NIT championship in 1953. In this period of his star pupil, Bob? Day Davis (Bob Davies, Rochester Royals Magic backcourt, 6-foot-1? track? complain Ipomoea care of solid hand drum used by peddlers began lobe ��? 0 season, 2 time NBA All-Star team four times NBL-NBA All-Star team).
1946 of John? Russell Boston Celtics became the first head teacher.
1966 ��������� (Joe Lapchick)
1929,1930 years with Cleveland as a center won two World Series titles
? led the Knicks won the Eastern championship twice (1953,1954)
? three times to lead the Knicks into the BAA championship finals (1951-53)
? 1951 ��March 2 led the East All Star team won the championship
1969 Bob Davis (Bob Davies)
his fast-moving and his behind and cross under the high point of dribbling the ball the other player can accurately know what to do.
? a three-time-NBA First Team (1950-52)
? a selected-NBA Second Team (1953)
? 1949 �� BAA First Team Year
? 1951 year follow Rochester Royals won the NBA championship
? 1947 �� NBL's MVP
? 1947 �� best NBL First Team
? 1948 �� NBL-NBA Second Team
? 1946 year follow Rochester Royals won the NBL championship
? 1949 �� BAA assists
? maintained NBA single-game assists record (20)
? four NBA All-Star (1951 -54)
? NBA25 anniversary of the 1970 selected the best team
? 1970 was
Bob. Pettit
Born: 12/12/32
College: Louisiana State
Drafted by: Milwaukee Hawks, 1954
Height: 6-9
Weight: 215 lbs.
known as NBA50's greatest power forward, is the first NBA history to score 20,000 points mark scorer
1970 Baobokuxi (Bob Cousy)
Born: 8 / 9 / 28
College: Holy Cross
Drafted by: Tri-Cities Blackhawks, 1950
Height: 6-1
Weight: 175 lbs
6 times by the NBA championship, won 1 Annual NBA MVP, 2 time All-Star Game MVP, 10 time All-NBA, basketball player he was later set an example and role model of learning.
1972 �ลл��˹ (Dolph Schayes)
Dolph Dolph Schayes
. Xieyi Si
Born: 5/19/28
College: New York University
Drafted by: New York Knicks (BAA) and Tri-Cities Blackhawks (NBL), 1948
Height: 6-8
Weight: 220 lbs.
6 time All-NBA, first won the NBA championship, played in 13 NBA All-Star Game, he was a pitcher and a Name fierce rebounder, start-up years in the NBA to basketball as a sport loved by the people process, plays an important role.
1974 Bill Russell (Bill Russell)
Bill Russel
Bill. Russell
Born: 2/12/34
College: University of San Francisco
Drafted by: St. Louis Hawks, 1956
Height: 6-9?
Weight : 220 lbs
11 times by the NBA champions, including a 8-connected champion, 5 times elected NBA most valuable player in 1967 became the first black NBA coach. Russell is the greatest basketball history defensive center
1975 Bier Sha Coleman (Bill Sharman)
Bill Sharman
Bill. Arman
Born: 5/25/26
College: USC
Drafted by: Washington Capitols, 1950
Height: 6-1
Weight: 190 lbs
4 times by the NBA champion, 7 time All-NBA or Second Team All-Star Game 8. He is NBA first revolutionary guard, is one of the NBA history as the first shooting to 40% of the Guards.
1975 Tom Mugu La (Tom Gola)
1956 �� led by rookie The Warriors won the world championship
? 1958 was selected the best team that year NBA
? five NBA All-Star (1960-64)
? only won two NCAA, NIT and NBA championship one of the players
? was named : 9/16/34
College: College of Idaho; Seattle University
Drafted by: Minneapolis Lakers, 1958
Height: 6-5
Weight: 225 lbs.
An offensive force, Baylor averaged 27.4 points per game in his 14-year career.
10 time All-NBA 1959 All-Star Game MVP was awarded the title. He is the most fun to watch basketball in the history of one of God pitcher, is both a model run will be cast.
1977 ��ķ��-�� (Jim Pollard)
ABL league in scoring twice (1946,1947)
? two ABL's MVP (1946,1947)
? NBL in 1950, the year the best team was selected first team
? 1949 BAA was selected the NBA's best team that year the first team
? twice selected the best team league second team BAA (1952,1954) < br>? 1948 year follow Minneapolis Lakers won the NBL championship
? 1949 year follow BAA Minneapolis Lakers won the championship
? four times with the Minneapolis Lakers NBA championship teams (1950,1952-54)
? four NBA All-Star (1951,1952,1954,1955)
? his jumping ability because of the strong to be known as br> 1977 Kerry Fuhai root (Cliff Hagan)
two-NBA Second Team selection (1958,1959)
? five NBA All-Star (1958-62)
? 1958 ��travel with the team winning the NBA championship
? with the Hawks won five NBA Western champion (1957-61)
? decade in the NBA in scoring 13,447 points (average 18.0 points)
? participated The first session of the ABA League All-Star Game, and is in two different league All-Star Game are the first person to
1977 �Ǹ����˹ (Joe Fulks)
is considered in the transformation of modern basketball first person shooting tactics, from trying to push the basket with both hands to throw with one hand the evolution of a great contribution to make.
BAA league-best three-time first team (1947-49)
BAA two scoring titles (1947,1948)
1951 ��-NBA Second Team NBA All-Star
twice (1951,1952)
1947 year follow BAA Philadelphia Warriors won the league championship < br> 1970 was selected NBA25 anniversary of the best team
1952 Moved in NAIA Basketball Hall of Fame
1949 �� 2 �� 10 at the Jets and the Indiana scored 63 points in the game, setting a then NBA record < br> 1977 Paul Miguel Rui Xin (Paul Arizin)
Paul Arizin
Paul. Ali Kim
Born: 4/9/28
College: Villanova
Drafted by: Philadelphia Warriors, 1950
Height: 6-4
Weight: 200 lbs
won NBA championship once, 3 time All-NBA team, won two NBA scoring titles, 10 All-Star team. Paul. Ali King is a pioneer in basketball is the
Died: 10/12/99
College: Kansas
Drafted by: Philadelphia Warriors, 1959
Height: 7-1
Weight: 275 lbs
won two NBA general Champion, 7 times as NBA scoring, rebounding 11 times to become, March 2, 1963 is a record of 100 points scored in a NBA record is a versatile star basketball history.
1979 Jie Right Way Manchester (Jerry West)
Jerry West
Jerry. West
Born: 5/28/38
College: West Virginia
Drafted by: Minneapolis Lakers, 1960 < br> Height: 6-2
Weight: 180 lbs.
NBA's best team, won NBA championship in 1972, was elected in 1969 playoff most valuable player. He is the NBA really pitcher of God, the final word at a crucial moment.
1979 Oscar Robertson (Oscar Robertson)
Oscar Robertson
Born: 11/24/38
College: Cincinnati
Drafted by: Cincinnati Royals, 1960
Height: 6-5
Weight: 210 lbs.
The Big O have an NBA championship, the first annual NBA All-Star Game MVP and an MVP. He is the NBA's all-around well-deserved title.
1979 Jerry Lucas (Jerry Lucas)
Jerry Lucas
Jerry. LU Cass
Born: 3/30/40
College: Ohio State
Drafted by: Cincinnati Royals, 1962
Height: 6-8
Weight: 230 lbs.
Lucas was named to seven All-Star teams in his 11-year NBA career.
1960 was awarded the Olympic champion, won NBA championship in 1973, 3-NBA selection, 7-time NBA All-Star NBA team. He is Basketball History of only three in high school, college, Olympic and professional league players have won one title
1981 ˹�����? (Slater Martin)
NBA in height was a very great player but one.
? five-time-NBA second team (1954,1956-59)
? four times with the Minneapolis Lakers won the NBA championship (1950,1952-54)
? 1958 NBA accompanied the St. Louis Hawks won the championship
? 1957,1960 into the NBA Finals two years
? seven-time NBA All-Star (1953-59)
? in Minnesota Awa Aires seven years only missed four games
1981 Haier Grier (Hal Greer)
Hal Greer
Hall. Greer
Born: 6/26/36
College: Marshall
Drafted by: Syracuse Nationals, 1958
Height: 6-2
Weight: 175 lbs.
Greer, a 10-time All-Star, was the heart of the 76ers' dominant teams of the '60s.
1967 was awarded the NBA championship 10 consecutive NBA All-Star team. Hal. Greer is the kind of technology, especially skilled and comprehensive basketball guard.
1982 Jack Intervet Man (Jack Twyman)
1957 �� NBA second round draft pick by the Royals General tenth selected
? six named NBA All-Star (1957-60,1962-63)
? two selected-NBA Second Team (1960,1962)
? in a total of 823 games was 15,840 (mean 19.2 points)
? sixth in the NBA to score 15,000 points in the player
Michael - Jordan
Birthdate: February 17, 1963
Hometown: Brooklyn, New York
Height: 1 meter 98
Position: Guard
Education: Graduated from 84 North Carolina State University
NBA career: 14 seasons (1984-1993,1994-1998,2001-2002)
Division Position: defender
1984 �� NBA Draft first round by the Chicago Bulls team selected an annual rate between 1991-1993 NBA champion Chicago Bulls to complete the baseball career, Jordan was frustrated March 19, 1995 return to the NBA, the first game against the Indiana Pacers, had 19 points, grabbed 6 rebounds, 6 assists and 3 steals. After the 1996 - has led the Bulls in 1998 and won the NBA championship three times the year 1999 January 13, Jordan announced the official retirement, his jersey No. 23 is also permanently retired United Center Stadium 19 January .2000 began as the Washington Wizards CEO. Jiaohu Jordan's wife Anita, gave birth to three children.
2001 �� 10 31, in the opening match of the season in the NBA, Jordan formally back the second time.
past achievements < br> main record:
6 times get NBA championship: (1990-91, 1991-92, 1992-93, 1995-96, 1996-97 and 1997-98)
2 times won the Olympic champion: 1984, 1992
Honor:
1985 was awarded the NBA Rookie of the Year Award
6 times elected to NBA Finals Most Valuable Player: (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998) < br> 5 times elected NBA most valuable player: (1988, 1991, 1992, 1996, 1998)
3 times elected to NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player: (1988, 1996, 1998)
1996, he was elected scoring record: 69 points (March 28, 1990 on the Cleveland Cavaliers)
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Coup makes you more man -
Iron if your body storage is too low, the body can not produce the oxygen carrying hemoglobin in the blood, people feel tired easily. The best way to iron through diet, using food therapy: fever with iron-rich liver of animals. kidney; followed by thin meat. yolk. chicken. fish. shrimp and beans.
men house 2010-12-08 13:35:22 Read 103 Comments 1 font: medium and small subscription
13. exercise the back
You have not found that effective method is to use the paddle device, pay attention to proper posture; feet flat, knees slightly bent, propellers stopped right on the chest.
25. sleep sofa
14. meditation
laugh smile, ten years less. Laughter exercises the facial muscles, change your facial circulation, thereby enhancing the attention. British scientists recently released study shows that although not saying happy to retain their youth, as described, but every day people to maintain pleasant mood indeed more healthy, the risk of cardiovascular disease. lower the risk of diabetes.
even eat a good breakfast to half past ten, the day before use stored glycogen is almost gone. you want the rest of the day Attempt to do me the time is still fully charged, then it must Gaga meal. a piece of chocolate, or an energy bar. a few biscuits to supplement the energy outside, but also effectively prevent binge eating lunch.
problems encountered in the work , short-lived fad and can not resolve, it is better take a break, such as to a cup of tea, change their brains, and then go on. tired quick breath, the deep breath (number 3 below), then call out (number 6 below); or looking through the sports magazine, Internet browsing entertainment, gossip, whom chats, perhaps inadvertently inspiration came.
15. daily exercise
17. iron
One study found that those who go to the gym after work, family fitness, covered with acid, the home shower sleep a good sleep, it is like a new life after, coincidentally, the University of Chicago scholars believe that the evening exercise can increase levels of testosterone, which is essential for energy metabolism.
11. make optimistic friends
optimistic. energy up a friend or colleague cute, they are always positive emotions can infect people around. not only talented and smart people contacts, but also to and those passionate, positive people and make friends; with a pessimistic. stay with people who like to complain for 30 minutes, your energy will be depleted indirectly
18. drive to eat more fiber foods
21. 1 hour ahead of time to go to bed
19. aromatherapy
If you and your wife fight, you have to sleep on the sofa, you do not have guilt or how. You know, the sofa on the treatment of insomnia occasionally Shuishui wonders! a lot of people that their own bedroom with insomnia related to a U.S. survey found that 72% of the men slept on the sofa well, only 27% of people said that his wife or girlfriend can sleep around.
23. control the amount of alcohol
2. to develop water habits
alcohol make you misty sleep, but instead drink before bed affects sleep because of excitement, although the eyes closed, but in constantly turning the eye. You have to keep in mind before going to bed two hours does not drink beer, dinner, drink a glass or two at most.
24. adjust the fitness of time
9. stand up and answer the phone
standing call took the opportunity to stretch gymnastics, while a deep breath, so that oxygen-rich blood to flow into the brain. This simple change allows you to fine a few hours two prosperous times.
Coup makes you more man -
60 minutes more sleep refreshing effect equivalent to two cups of coffee. This means you go to bed early for an hour a day, rather than the weekend hard to sleep late. Otherwise, the clock is disrupted, the overall feeling dizzy.
U.S. study found that people who do not eat breakfast, height and weight ratio (BMI) high, is overweight, but also love drowsy, do something listlessness; pay attention to people who eat breakfast are more energetic, relatively well-proportioned physique. the nutritional health of the Western-style breakfast is: two slices of whole wheat bread. a piece of smoked salmon and a tomato. whole wheat bread, rich in carbohydrates and fiber ; tomato Lycopene facilitate bone growth and health, and prevention of prostate disease is very good; the rich salmon omega-3 fatty acids and protein is more beneficial to the body.
character can also regulate tired. A Dutch study showed that within the work. shy are more likely to feel tired, and outgoing person more energy feet, this is because people love to talk to people who are good with that fun, to their own troubles. pressure and misfortune peremptorily say, they will not feel tired and bored, on the contrary, like the quiet. alone. who does not love the lack of social Such a channel to relieve pressure, a long time, is bound to feel overwhelmed.
5. afternoon coffee
men rarely eat snacks, You can put some peanuts and raisins in the car, these things contain a lot of potassium, your body needs potassium in the blood sugar into energy; nuts are also good, it is rich in magnesium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, the body will produce a large number lack lactic acid, which easily gives rise to lactic acid fatigue.
get up 5 minutes after the exercise, not only for the body charge, and can burn extra calories. Many people mistakenly believe to be 5 o'clock in the Morning get up and ran a few kilometers is unnecessary, it is not realistic. You just spend 5 minutes doing push-ups and jumping movement, the heart rate, can achieve the desired results; or under the mirror boxing 100 and feel that the process of energy savings.
7. take a sit-phase
4. ten snacks
University of Massachusetts study shows that the mood of anger and hostility are more in the winter, and summer is relatively small. the sun can increase brain serotonin levels, improve frame of mind, body charge. might be exposed to the sun for all the travel or travel opportunities.
sitting posture , walking in step pull-kick, shy shrug belly, these are usually the energy you have consumed dry performance. sit in the office seven or eight hours, if not to maintain the correct posture, but will feel more tired. either stop or forward, should be established abdomen waist, relaxed shoulders, neck slightly extended sense.
12. trivialize
breath not a fat man eating! do not always think of a stretch to finish a major project, the results themselves too tired to get on the ground. may wish to split large projects into several small works much the same as doing, take a break from time to time, so that while maintaining the physical, but also improve work efficiency, and ultimately can speed up the progress.
8. relaxation with
; morning, sleepy, get up first, not busy, sitting comfortably sat on the bed, straight back, close my eyes and quickly exhale and inhale with the nose, mouth Weibi. (This chest exercise should be the same as the bellows quickly and machinery to carry out)
16. nap 20 minutes
water state of you, will always feel bad exhausted. early in the morning to drink a glass of water, do some cleaning, but also add some internal organs, . pay attention to breakfast
After lunch, the body's sleep factor (a kind of sleep can lead to molecular) components increased, the time is most likely to fall asleep at this time drink a small cup of coffee was the best. of course, tea also, as you like! Do not forget to 4 hours before going to bed do not drink coffee, so too excited to sleep.
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(turn) the heart wide road from the wide
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6. more talk and more ease Solution
1. Morning 5 minutes
20. more comedy
10. side shower singing
22. and the sun play game
put some spice in the home, especially the rosemary . mint and ginger, can be refreshing, enhance memory, and can treat migraine headaches.
NetEase Inc. All rights reserved? 1997-2010
20 minutes of rest is the best, it is actually the role of an hour with the nap is no different. An hour for most one is a bit long, sleep too heavy, could not sleep well at night.
shower singing out loud for the body to release endorphins, resulting in a happy and feeling of happiness and reduce stress. more you a bad mood, the more to sing out, as it really nicely, did not run out of tune, you cares!
even if you go busy, but also adhere to the exercise, or running or keys to walk or swim. If you are too confident of their strength, that youth is the capital, would not be so easy to fall, some may tell you anxious.
men house 2010-12-08 13:35:22 Read 103 Comments 1 font: medium and small subscription
13. exercise the back
You have not found that effective method is to use the paddle device, pay attention to proper posture; feet flat, knees slightly bent, propellers stopped right on the chest.
25. sleep sofa
14. meditation
laugh smile, ten years less. Laughter exercises the facial muscles, change your facial circulation, thereby enhancing the attention. British scientists recently released study shows that although not saying happy to retain their youth, as described, but every day people to maintain pleasant mood indeed more healthy, the risk of cardiovascular disease. lower the risk of diabetes.
even eat a good breakfast to half past ten, the day before use stored glycogen is almost gone. you want the rest of the day Attempt to do me the time is still fully charged, then it must Gaga meal. a piece of chocolate, or an energy bar. a few biscuits to supplement the energy outside, but also effectively prevent binge eating lunch.
problems encountered in the work , short-lived fad and can not resolve, it is better take a break, such as to a cup of tea, change their brains, and then go on. tired quick breath, the deep breath (number 3 below), then call out (number 6 below); or looking through the sports magazine, Internet browsing entertainment, gossip, whom chats, perhaps inadvertently inspiration came.
15. daily exercise
17. iron
One study found that those who go to the gym after work, family fitness, covered with acid, the home shower sleep a good sleep, it is like a new life after, coincidentally, the University of Chicago scholars believe that the evening exercise can increase levels of testosterone, which is essential for energy metabolism.
11. make optimistic friends
optimistic. energy up a friend or colleague cute, they are always positive emotions can infect people around. not only talented and smart people contacts, but also to and those passionate, positive people and make friends; with a pessimistic. stay with people who like to complain for 30 minutes, your energy will be depleted indirectly
18. drive to eat more fiber foods
21. 1 hour ahead of time to go to bed
19. aromatherapy
If you and your wife fight, you have to sleep on the sofa, you do not have guilt or how. You know, the sofa on the treatment of insomnia occasionally Shuishui wonders! a lot of people that their own bedroom with insomnia related to a U.S. survey found that 72% of the men slept on the sofa well, only 27% of people said that his wife or girlfriend can sleep around.
23. control the amount of alcohol
2. to develop water habits
alcohol make you misty sleep, but instead drink before bed affects sleep because of excitement, although the eyes closed, but in constantly turning the eye. You have to keep in mind before going to bed two hours does not drink beer, dinner, drink a glass or two at most.
24. adjust the fitness of time
9. stand up and answer the phone
standing call took the opportunity to stretch gymnastics, while a deep breath, so that oxygen-rich blood to flow into the brain. This simple change allows you to fine a few hours two prosperous times.
Coup makes you more man -
60 minutes more sleep refreshing effect equivalent to two cups of coffee. This means you go to bed early for an hour a day, rather than the weekend hard to sleep late. Otherwise, the clock is disrupted, the overall feeling dizzy.
U.S. study found that people who do not eat breakfast, height and weight ratio (BMI) high, is overweight, but also love drowsy, do something listlessness; pay attention to people who eat breakfast are more energetic, relatively well-proportioned physique. the nutritional health of the Western-style breakfast is: two slices of whole wheat bread. a piece of smoked salmon and a tomato. whole wheat bread, rich in carbohydrates and fiber ; tomato Lycopene facilitate bone growth and health, and prevention of prostate disease is very good; the rich salmon omega-3 fatty acids and protein is more beneficial to the body.
character can also regulate tired. A Dutch study showed that within the work. shy are more likely to feel tired, and outgoing person more energy feet, this is because people love to talk to people who are good with that fun, to their own troubles. pressure and misfortune peremptorily say, they will not feel tired and bored, on the contrary, like the quiet. alone. who does not love the lack of social Such a channel to relieve pressure, a long time, is bound to feel overwhelmed.
5. afternoon coffee
men rarely eat snacks, You can put some peanuts and raisins in the car, these things contain a lot of potassium, your body needs potassium in the blood sugar into energy; nuts are also good, it is rich in magnesium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, the body will produce a large number lack lactic acid, which easily gives rise to lactic acid fatigue.
get up 5 minutes after the exercise, not only for the body charge, and can burn extra calories. Many people mistakenly believe to be 5 o'clock in the Morning get up and ran a few kilometers is unnecessary, it is not realistic. You just spend 5 minutes doing push-ups and jumping movement, the heart rate, can achieve the desired results; or under the mirror boxing 100 and feel that the process of energy savings.
7. take a sit-phase
4. ten snacks
University of Massachusetts study shows that the mood of anger and hostility are more in the winter, and summer is relatively small. the sun can increase brain serotonin levels, improve frame of mind, body charge. might be exposed to the sun for all the travel or travel opportunities.
sitting posture , walking in step pull-kick, shy shrug belly, these are usually the energy you have consumed dry performance. sit in the office seven or eight hours, if not to maintain the correct posture, but will feel more tired. either stop or forward, should be established abdomen waist, relaxed shoulders, neck slightly extended sense.
12. trivialize
breath not a fat man eating! do not always think of a stretch to finish a major project, the results themselves too tired to get on the ground. may wish to split large projects into several small works much the same as doing, take a break from time to time, so that while maintaining the physical, but also improve work efficiency, and ultimately can speed up the progress.
8. relaxation with
; morning, sleepy, get up first, not busy, sitting comfortably sat on the bed, straight back, close my eyes and quickly exhale and inhale with the nose, mouth Weibi. (This chest exercise should be the same as the bellows quickly and machinery to carry out)
16. nap 20 minutes
water state of you, will always feel bad exhausted. early in the morning to drink a glass of water, do some cleaning, but also add some internal organs, . pay attention to breakfast
After lunch, the body's sleep factor (a kind of sleep can lead to molecular) components increased, the time is most likely to fall asleep at this time drink a small cup of coffee was the best. of course, tea also, as you like! Do not forget to 4 hours before going to bed do not drink coffee, so too excited to sleep.
0 people | Share:
read (103) | Comments (1) | reference (10) | Report
you are familiar with the meaning can not necessarily say exactly 40 words
(turn) the heart wide road from the wide
History
articles
Recent Readers
X ant 123
Khufu
Yellow Juelian
A Feige
vows
chqb002
Marine Gen. Xiong Feng
comment
X ant 123
cancel
verification code: for a
Netease microblogging
3 hours ago
zhengyi1963
replies
Previous 1 ... -1-1-1-1-- 1-1-1 ... -1 Next
footer
About Us - Contact - Jobs - Customer service - Legal - blog style - Mobile blog - Subscribe to this blog
6. more talk and more ease Solution
1. Morning 5 minutes
20. more comedy
10. side shower singing
22. and the sun play game
put some spice in the home, especially the rosemary . mint and ginger, can be refreshing, enhance memory, and can treat migraine headaches.
NetEase Inc. All rights reserved? 1997-2010
20 minutes of rest is the best, it is actually the role of an hour with the nap is no different. An hour for most one is a bit long, sleep too heavy, could not sleep well at night.
shower singing out loud for the body to release endorphins, resulting in a happy and feeling of happiness and reduce stress. more you a bad mood, the more to sing out, as it really nicely, did not run out of tune, you cares!
even if you go busy, but also adhere to the exercise, or running or keys to walk or swim. If you are too confident of their strength, that youth is the capital, would not be so easy to fall, some may tell you anxious.
Monday, December 20, 2010
Surgical dressing
Dressing for the surgeon is the most common thing, but also the easiest to neglect to do. A sterile wound dressing can be due to improper infection; leaving for drinking in the skin flap necrosis; more headaches, some skin necrosis wounds, to heal after a long dressing; and exposed bone flap can often get through. dressing does have a lot of stress, just the right dressing can often miraculous. I witnessed after the internal fixation to the plate and skin necrosis in patients with bone exposure, the Chinese secret prescription medication, less than a month, miraculously healed. There is a phalanx fracture case, cross Kirschner wire after skin injury and necrosis of the rub , leading to extensor tendon exposure, recovered two weeks after Chinese dressing. It is about: martial art of dressing skills.
principles are: sterile. clean. Clear inactivation necrosis, tissue. to maintain and promote growth of granulation. to prevent the wound and cover exposed wounds exposed. promote wound healing.
As for the general use of saline rich in blood supply, the chances of infection is small, and a keen sense of the mucosa.
combination of glucose and insulin to stimulate the growth of granulation.
and hypertonic saline may have inhibited the growth of granulation
first told me of iodine volts and alcohol is more suitable range of applications. iodine is iodized, or wound on the greasy parts of the developed sebaceous glands invalid or ineffective. And alcohol or iodine to be able to skim, to better protein fixed bacteria , a place rich in sebaceous glands more penetrating power. so will be applied around the wound in the scalp. But both of these because there are some irritation. so open wound can not be applied.
The main application of saline to Notes of red and wet, as this may be a wide area of the wound or wound merger is not flat, hoping to place some impurities red note and infected material.
insulin is mainly used in non-healing wounds in diabetic patients.
The purpose of hypertonic salt is local swelling wound healed, and to achieve partial dehydration, and the role of honey as some say.
there needles and other major local release of gentamicin in the wound is already infected. < br> not to mention is that principle. just as well as with the new clean and off. may have the effect of iodine is not very confident in the reason. critical moment, or to apply tincture of iodine, alcohol.
1, Surgery dressing the first to follow aseptic principles. from the beginning of the end of reclaiming should comply with the time until the dressing.
2, when the use of alcohol, when the use of vaseline gauze, this is learned. must familiar with normal saline, alcohol, iodine, yellow gauze and Vaseline gauze mechanism of action, so that when dealing with different wounds can be the appropriate choice.
3, the choice of dressing. Some people like to use a lot of dressing, thinking This can be very good to keep sterile; there are others who only a few layers that can save costs. In fact, little choice multiple choice dressings are not appropriate. dressings how much the right choice? It said the growth was from the wound since the growth in the first few days mainly wound granulation tissue growth, it needs a more humid environment, so the first few days can be multi-layers of dressings to maintain a relatively moist wound. And a later stage, mainly the growth of the wound keratinocyte growth, wound at this time require a relatively dry environment, so the dressing to play a role in isolation should be as thin as possible under the premise. Why do some people always late but not the cuticle wound healing, I would like to have relations with the above.
to remember: The purpose of our surgical dressing is: two offers.
that:
1, for the wound to provide a relatively sterile environment, so as not to attack.
2, provide a relatively favorable for the growth of the wound, healing environment, to heal as soon as possible.
The purpose of dressing is: 1. observed the wound 2. removal of necrotic tissue 3. Clean the wound 4. unobstructed drainage 5. to promote tissue growth .
3, severe wound infection and sometimes for the simple wash the wound clean and more difficult to achieve, can be used times, The role of drainage, but the humidity is also a breeding ground for bacterial growth, bacteria will enter in 6-8 hours on the number of proliferating, so for a serious wound infection, drugs to be done frequently changes (preferably 3-4 times / day), many people like the wound wet dressing were added gentamicin, the first 1-2 result is very good, long-term results are poor, and easily lead to resistant bacteria produce.
Vaseline gauze to provide wet environment conducive to wound granulation, and can reduce the leakage of tissue fluid, early wound can stop bleeding, but for a serious wound infection should be used with caution, because of its poor drainage and easy, often add to the infection.
hypertonic dehydration of glucose as a drug, can enhance the role of plasma osmolality resulting from dehydration, nutrition for poor local wound infection, wound area, with poor efficacy of other drugs, after dressing or invalid, the surface of the skin ulcer or erosion varicose veins, wound healing difficult by the shallow depth Ⅱ Ⅱ degrees to a small degree burn edema, wound healing slowly and those with pressure ulcers is more efficacious. hypertonic glucose can be evenly distributed in the wound, resulting in hypertonic environment, dehydration caused by bacterial cells, bacteria unable to reproduce ability, cell death and cell dehydration can make the body part to reduce the wound and granulation tissue edema, and to form a protective film to prevent the cells continue to invasive infection, can improve local blood circulation, improve nutrition around the wound and promote wound healing; In addition, Glucose also has a myogenic effect, can reduce wound pain, and help wound healing.
purulent wound treatment. the general if the wound or purulent pus out of reach of a sense of volatility, timely and open drainage is necessary, do not hold fluke psychology, looking forward to it absorbs, the drainage is the best way, open wound shall be sought after in the necrotic tissue completely clear that if one can not at all clear, you can gradually removed after the dressing change. and then fill in the diluted PVP tournament -I gauze, adequate drainage should not be filled too tight race adversely affect the blood supply and drainage. of course, can also use saline gauze. or topical antibiotics such as penicillin, and big celebration.
we are a closed wound with alcohol and powerful disinfectant iodine
open wound with normal saline and hypertonic saline powerful disinfectant iodine
severe edema in the wound when used with multi-
glucose and insulin slower growth in the wound of malnutrition for use
protection principle 1 sterile 2 drugs 3 promotes growth
wound dressing when you can scrape the surface of the appropriate due to edema or granulation fresh, and then chymotrypsin wet packing, so that local organizations can promote healing of infected wounds or
fat liquefaction after wound drainage should be promptly interrupted stitches, using iodine and alcohol around the wound disinfection, the hand will be as much as possible out of the wound pus, and with a 20ml syringe gentamicin (light) or vancomycin (severe) remove the blunt needle tied directly to rinse and drain port directly Withdrawing fluid. to hold gauze drainage strip, usually two or three times the infection can be removed, sealed.
rich in fat, fat liquefaction prone areas Our experience is wide open incision (fat liquefaction of all open areas), culture + sensitivity, strengthening the dressing. If that is infected with culture-positive myself.
we all know that the incision want to change a long time, we In order to shorten the time to reduce the financial burden of patients, we sterilized after the initial subcutaneous injection of gentamicin ,@@@@local place to cut daily glucose powder@@@@. dressing until the wound infiltration After a little gauze to stimulate granulation. fresh butterfly after the two suture or glue together to Brad. We did the control, significantly shortened the time.
talk about the lower extremity vasculitis after amputation, the incision did not heal in the for- medicines that that experience:
general such as skin blood flow in patients with poorly, although the pain, necrosis of the limb was amputated, but after amputation of the incision is still very difficult to heal, and often associated with infection and easy! < br> This incision dressing is very important to closely observe the first incision when dressing, and if suppuration, suppurative Department must immediately cut the suture, removal of necrotic tissue, cut open, unobstructed drainage, generally put a small drainage strip can!
addition, festering wound dressing, do not hold anything against the stench, the incision must be carefully wiped the pus moss, and not because of the pain and dare not touch incision, pus, after removing moss have a slightly bloodshot leaking, so it helps to cut the early healing!
open wound dressing is best not to let alcohol into the wound, the wound healing of alcohol on negative (this is my PhD on behalf of my internship teaching point of view)
other iodine 2 3 is the classic wine disinfection methods in orthopedics, orthopedic arrived when the new patient to us for leadership requires that we must strictly abide by the debridement.
polluting oil on the wound, our use turpentine wash away the stain
the old granulation wounds: regeneration of such poor granulation tissue (dark red color, not fresh, rugged, and sometimes bleeding was old appearance), the surrounding tissues difficult to heal, to the surface of granulation curette tissue curettage, or cut off, so that bleeding, exposing fresh granulation, and topical rubber high (this is the traditional Chinese medicine is said to rot myogenic, Western medicine will be washed with hydrogen peroxide to achieve the purpose to rot)
if pus, should be observed whether the abscess cavity or sinus, pay attention to changes in body temperature.
for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the wound:
characterized as a light green pus, there is a special kind of sweet stench, if the wound scab, scab under empyema, necrotic tissue, to remove crusts, pus and necrotic tissue. aeruginosa infection in burn wounds early skin grafting can be tangential. can also be 1% to 2% phenoxyethanol wet dressing, or 0.1% of celebration Trappe Su, 1% silver sulfadiazine, 10% of a sulfur solution, such as wet compress Miloon. wounds, such as less available 3% acetic acid, 10% chloral hydrate solution, such as wet compress.
1. Alcohol: bedsore protection (50% a), skin and equipment sterilization (70%)
2. hydrogen peroxide (3%): cleaning wounds, ulcers, pus sinus, release of necrotic tissue, removal of adhesive dressings.
3. Qingda neomycin solution (0.2-0.5%): local irrigation, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus wound infection.
4. saline (0.9%): wound cleaning wet compress.
5. nitrofurazone (0.02% ) solution: ulcers, purulent wounds and other surface disinfection.
6. Zinc oxide gelatin: prolonged unhealed leg ulcers.
7. mercurochrome (2%): skin and mucous membrane disinfection, the country still in use.
8. Cod Liver Oil: local coating, used to promote wound epithelialization.
9. acetic acid (0.5-2%): burns, burns, infected wounds.
10. chlorhexidine (0.05% ): wound, wash the wound.
11. magnesium sulfate (50%) solution: for contusion, cellulitis, erysipelas, and other anti-inflammatory swelling. Local moist heat.
12. boric acid ointment (5%) : burns, abrasions, skin ulcers and bedsores.
13. Band-Aid: affixed to the small wound.
for osteomyelitis with bone exposed to ground when the first dressing change, because a lot of leakage can be QD, and dressing To many, the dressing process, should be kept clear of necrotic tissue (very important!), marrow can be placed within the (oil) gauze. my experience is to wash the wound with saline, and then 0.1% povidone-iodine rinse, and then rinse with hydrogen peroxide, and finally celebrate a large gauze wet dressing, dressing. granulation when fresh, less leakage when the surgical removal of sequestrum, sclerotic bone, muscle flap coverage with appropriate wounds, external fixation and external fixation, to be flap, the bone lengthening again. However, sometimes several times before surgery for therapeutic purposes.
for refractory sinus surgery such as brain, heart bypass surgery or chronic osteomyelitis caused by sinus, usually Early use of or the September eighty-two Dan Dan + red ointment, to mention rot to pus, the latter with a red ointment Shengjisan + shut works well, even resistant P. aeruginosa or S. aureus infection can be very good cured.
replantation or vascularized flap surgery can be used with the temperature close to the best solution Furacillin dressing, dressing will happen with alcohol scolded a; ring finger dressing gauze dressing should be avoided, local best filled with broken gauze.
on the gauze with a. played for abscess drainage after the role, while the abscess has just cut to stop bleeding .2 It can be placed directly on the role of the wound in order to facilitate the growth of granulation .3 wound its replacement cycle as the case may be, such as wound exudate more should be replaced daily, less exudate depending on the circumstances given the fixed package .4 graft area should be 5 --- 7 days to replace the first time, after the visual cries .5 non-stick gauze and the wound is not strong to protect the growth of skin grafts are not torn off.
Summary:
dressing: deferred handling open wounds, incision and drainage of soft tissue infections, surgical incision infection, due to local pathological reactions, so that the wounds appeared exudate, suppuration, necrosis or tissue defect, etc., should be properly addressed. This process includes checking the wound, pus and necrotic tissue removal, drain placement or removal of dressing change and dressing, etc. This process is called dressing, also known as dressing or replacement of the drug.
purposes: 1. Observation of the wound; 2. removal of necrotic tissue; 3. Clean the wound; 4. unobstructed drainage; 5. promoting tissue growth;
principles: 1. aseptic principles; 2. inactivation removal of necrotic tissue; 3. to maintain and promote growth of granulation; 4. promote wound healing;
dressing of the basic techniques: 1. set free strain concept; 2. to lift dressing methods; 3. dressing goods delivery methods; 4. wound and surrounding skin disinfection method; 5. wrap fixation methods; 6. dirt dressing treatment;
one dressing preparation
1. full understanding of the wound, the size of the depth of the wound site, the number of gauze wound cavity filling, drain, and whether with or without removal or replacement, the need for debridement and irrigation, the need for stitches or suture. dressing of the required medicines and other equipment to check if available, the special items should be fully prepared, such as configuration wound topcoat solution with antibiotics, local anesthetics required debridement blade, deep wounds of the probe with the long vascular clamp, replacement Special suprapubic cystostomy drainage pipe. mental state of patients, systemic conditions and dressing process may happen, should be fully prepared to learn more about.
2. sterile preparations: General requirements dressing in the morning room care or dressing room half an hour after cleansing, preferably in the dressing room dressing. wearing a mask hat, the patients go to dressing room, observation wounds (wound opened along the direction of gauze to expose, easy to make the wound opened again the vertical split) to assess the need for equipment,bailey UGG boots, and the number of dressings, types, and then to wash their hands, ready dressing items. generally requires two sterile bent plate, two pairs of tweezers, alcohol, cotton balls and so on, clip his weapons, the forceps must be upside down, can not tilt to the order of the first clip clip forceps, curved plate placed among the top folder covered in gauze, iodine, alcohol, plate bending points on both sides, the first clip of iodine wine folder after the alcohol cotton ball cotton ball (if the first folder of alcohol, the alcohol remaining folder forceps cotton ball on the diluted tincture of iodine tincture of iodine, affecting disinfection effect).
3. Operation: hand to take foreign materials, and then take the tweezers layer, if the cotton ball wet with salt water after the stick opened. two pairs of tweezers, a contact with the skin, a contact with materials (two still do not touch). disinfection of the wound and suture lightly along the dip, and then (clean the wound) from the inside out, back to the font consumption, alcohol more than twice the range to more than cover the gauze. cover gauze smooth down, cover more than eight-gauze (usually a piece of gauze four). viscose fabric to be smooth striae perpendicular to the direction of gauze and adhesive, generally three, both sides of the blank stick, the middle one. Finally, wash your hands (to protect themselves).
4. order: first, after a clean pollution, after briefly complicated. One more wound is also true of patients .
Second, the frequency
dressing materials soaked in principle that should be dressing
1. General wounds: in the first 24h, after every 2-3 days / times; 2. special wound: breast surgery After the 3-5 days / times; 3. :7-9 days after skin grafting / times; 4. digestive tract fistula :2-3 days / times; 5. summer, a day for, apply alcohol yarn;
Third, select the number of suitable dressing? wounds a few days at the beginning of the growth is mainly the growth of granulation tissue, it needs a more humid environment, so the first few days can be multi-layers of dressings to maintain a relatively moist wound. And a later stage, the growth of skin wounds is mainly the growth of the wound at this time require a relatively dry environment, so the dressing to play a role in isolation should be as thin as possible under the premise. dressings protect the wound from outside contamination in addition to the role, but also has a certain drainage effect, so dressing and wound dressing should be closely attached to ensure, especially in the wound when compared with the surrounding low-lying.
four commonly used dressings select
1. Alcohol: bedsore protection (50%), skin and equipment sterilization (70%). epidermal integrity of the wound dressing can be with alcohol, alcohol can not be used if the skin damage, and generally use iodine. The classic method of disinfection is 2% iodine alcohol, two times three times iodothyronine disinfection.
2, iodine: The mucous membrane irritation, without de-iodine with ethanol, no corrosion, and low toxicity. iodophor both application (mucous membranes, skin, etc.), or sterilization was better than iodine (less allergic), but also the scope of application, bleeding wounds, the effect is not good, the wound is too large can not be applied. Some hospitals have eliminated iodine, because the allergic reactions and more, you need to de-iodine, there is corrosion.
application of povidone iodine and alcohol is more suitable range. iodophor is a complex of iodine, or wound on the greasy parts of the developed sebaceous glands invalid or ineffective. the alcohol or iodine to be able to skim, to better fixed bacterial protein, rich in sebaceous glands where more penetrating power. so it applied to the scalp wound around.
3. normal saline (0.9%): wound cleaning wet compress. is generally used in blood supply , wound secretions are more chances of infection is small, and a keen sense of the mucous membranes. The main application of saline injection to red and wet, because for a wide range of wound area or wound merger is not flat, red note to place some of impurities and infected material.
4. hypertonic saline: When used in wound edema heavier. hypertonic salt purpose is healed wound swelling, and to achieve partial dehydration. hypertonic saline plus Vaseline gauze may stimulate granulation growth, often used in clinical no one closed the wound, or infection of the wound after debridement and thorough application.
5. hypertonic glucose: a kind of dehydrated drug, can enhance the role of plasma osmolality resulting from dehydration, The poor nutrition of local wound infection, wound area, the effects after use of other drugs difference between dressing or invalid, the surface of the skin ulcer or erosion varicose veins, wound healing difficulties are shallow degrees to deep Ⅱ Ⅱ small burn edema, slow wound healing were, and more efficacious bedsores. hypertonic glucose can be evenly distributed in the wound, resulting in hyperosmotic environment induced dehydration of bacterial cells, bacteria lose their reproductive capacity, cell death, and local cellular dehydration can make the body, reducing the wound and granulation tissue, edema, and to form a protective film to prevent the cells continue to invasive infection, can improve local blood circulation, improve nutrition around the wound and promote wound healing; In addition, glucose also has the myogenic effect, can reduce wound pain, and help wound healing. < br> 6. hydrogen peroxide (3%): cleaning wounds, ulcers, pus sinus, release of necrotic tissue, removal of adhesive dressings.
7. gentamicin solution (0.2-0.5%): local irrigation, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus wound infection.
8. nitrofurazone (0.02%) solution: ulcers, purulent wounds and other surface disinfection.
9. Zinc oxide gelatin: prolonged unhealed leg ulcers.
10. Insulin is mainly used in non-healing wounds in diabetic patients.
11. mercurochrome (2%): disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, skin grazed mercurochrome best, after ten minutes to dry and painted without dressing < br> 12. Cod Liver Oil: partial coating, used to promote wound epithelialization.
13. acetate (0.5-2%): burns, burns, infected wounds.
14. chlorhexidine (0.05%) : wound, wash the wound.
15. rivanol: the best wound contraction (direct wet cover).
16. magnesium sulfate (50%) solution: for contusion, cellulitis, erysipelas, etc. anti-inflammatory swelling. Local moist heat.
17. boric acid ointment (5%): burns, abrasions, skin ulcers and bedsores. covered with a boric acid solution to rot until the wet granulation fresh. Shengjisan powder can be used to promote growth of granulation .
18. conducive to the wound surface moist tissue growth, this is what we usually like to cover the wound with saline gauze main reason, while there are clear physiological saline gauze, the role of drainage, but moist environment is the growth of bacteria breeding ground for bacteria in the number of 6-8 hours will be entered on the proliferation of, so for a serious wound infection, drugs to be done frequently changes (preferably 3-4 times / day), many people like to celebrate the wounds were added Trappe Su wet packing, the first 1-2 result is very good, long-term results are poor, and could easily lead to resistant bacteria produce.
19. vaseline gauze to provide moist wound environment conducive to growth of granulation, and can reduce tissue fluid leakage, early wound can stop bleeding, but for the serious wound infection should be used with caution, because of its poor drainage and easy, often add to the infection.
five common wound treatment
1. Clean the wound with iodophor disinfection, stimulate the small, the effect is good; for clean, new granulation wounds, but also cover the addition of vaseline gauze dressing change patients to alleviate the pain and reduce tissue fluid leakage, loss.
2. blood supply abundant opportunities for small wounds can be infected with normal saline wet look simple, sterile dressing materials can be.
3. For a skin defect wounds, defects repeatedly washed with salt water, surrounded by available conventional iodophor disinfection, disinfection, saline gauze or vaseline gauze, saline gauze help keep the wound fresh, dry, Vaseline gauze is conducive to wound granulation.
4. infected or contaminated wounds draining pus principle is necessary, split open sutures, expansion of the wound thoroughly drainage, the wound repeatedly washed with hydrogen peroxide and saline, necrotic tissue should be given to debridement, antibiotics, gauze packing can also be used within the wound, wound around three times better off with alcohol, iodine tincture of iodine twice disinfection. Of course, the infection of the wound dressing to be changed every day.
addition, festering wound dressing, do not hold anything against the stench, the incision must be carefully wiped the pus moss, and not because of pain in patients not touch incision, pus moss should be removed after the slight bloodshot leaking, so it helps to cut the early healing!
5. bedsores, suppurative osteomyelitis and other infected wounds: iodine disinfectant wound around the wound to hydrogen peroxide, normal saline, gentamicin dressing.
6. osteomyelitis with bone exposed to the dressing when the first ground, because a lot of leakage, and the dressing to be more. in the dressing process, should be ready removal of necrotic tissue, marrow can be placed within the gauze. thumb is to wash the wound with salt water, then rinse of 0.1% povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide and then rinse, and finally celebrate big wet packing gauze, dressings coverage. granulation when fresh, less leakage when the surgical removal of sequestrum, sclerotic bone, muscle flap coverage with appropriate wounds, external fixation and external fixation until the flap, re bone lengthening.
7. fracture line outside the Patients followed a fixed dressing is the first iodophor disinfection (and cleaning to remove necrotic tissue), followed by disinfection using hydrogen peroxide and then normal saline wash, and finally cover the wound nitrofurazone stuff. wait for the granulation, the line of free flap coverage.
8. incision fat liquefaction: a place rich in the fat prone to fat liquefaction, this time wide open incision (fat liquefaction of all open areas), culture + sensitivity, strengthening the dressing. incision want to change such a long time, In order to shorten the time after the initial disinfection of local subcutaneous gentamicin, glucose powder to place the incision daily dressing changes, wound exudate to be less stimulating growth of granulation after the gauze, sutures or butterfly fresh tape after the two Lahti.
9. long unhealed ulcer wound dressing to use traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional dressing has its own unique, but usually there is no sterile concept. For example: for refractory sinus (such as the brain After surgery, coronary bypass surgery or chronic osteomyelitis caused by sinus, usually with early or the September eighty-two Dan Dan + red ointment, to mention rot to pus, the latter with a red ointment Shengjisan + shut, very good even the Pseudomonas aeruginosa or resistant S. aureus infection can be a good cure.
10. wound on polluting oil, we wash away that stain with turpentine.
11. For the old granulation wounds: The species poor granulation tissue regeneration (dark red color, not fresh, rugged, and sometimes bleeding was old appearance), difficult to heal the surrounding tissue to the surface of granulation tissue curette to scrape or cut off, so that bleeding, exposing fresh granulation, external application of adhesive plaster (this is the traditional Chinese medicine is said to rot myogenic, Western medicine will be washed with hydrogen peroxide to achieve the purpose to rot). If pus, should be to observe whether the abscess or sinus, pay attention to changes in body temperature.
12. For the Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection: pus is characterized by light green, with a special sweet stench, if the wound scab, scab under the empyema, necrotic tissue, to remove crusts, pus and necrotic organization. early burn wound excision aeruginosa infection can cut skin. can also be 1% to 2% phenoxyethanol wet dressing, or with 0.1% gentamicin, 1% silver sulfadiazine, 10% of a sulfur solution, such as wet Miloon deposited. wound as small available 3% acetic acid, 10% solution of chloral hydrate and other wet compress.
VI Notes
1. sterile wound dressing is generally a 24-hour, 72-hour general observation of the local swelling of the seepage situation.
2. open wound after dressing for 24,48,72 hours a day, paying particular attention prone to hematoma or drainage and remove any dangerous situation more critical.
3. orthopedic wound more wound infection is a common skin necrosis, decubitus wounds, generally in a certain period of hypertonic saline, re-used in the infection, leaking more of the wound, can quickly reduce the wound and granulation tissue edema, reducing leakage.
4. replantation surgery or vascularized flap surgery can be used with the temperature close to the best solution Furacillin dressing, gauze dressing to avoid the ring finger bandage, gauze filled with broken local is best.
5. For large wounds, First, note that debridement, necrotic tissue has been included for the tendon and the vascular tissue necrosis do not condone, for dressing in a few, the boundaries are determined once the clear cut. reluctantly left, it will only delay the growth of granulation, or even cause an infection. < br> 6. For most of the necrotic tissue had been removed the wound, to take proper care of the growth of granulation, granulation tissue itself has the ability to fight infection, and if there is no obvious oozing, not to use antibiotics or other medicine dressing, with only iodine margin of skin disinfection, can be covered with wet saline gauze.
7. Do not put gauze on the wound, it should be on the saline gauze to prevent excessive salt evaporation.
8. Note the wound infection Bacterial culture + sensitivity do a re-dressing in order to avoid future passive.
dressing commonly used drugs
1. saltwater
have to promote granulation tissue nutrition and the role of the adsorption plane surface discharge of granulation tissue without negative stimulus. isotonic saline cotton and gauze used to clean wounds, wound wet dressing, filling abscess; isotonic saline solution used to wash wound cavity; 3% to 10% of the salt has a strong dehydration, edema for granulation the wound.
2.3% hydrogen peroxide in contact and organizational
decomposition in oxygen, has a bactericidal effect. for flushing trauma wounds, wounds *** or odor, especially for anaerobic infection of the wound. < br> 3.0.02% potassium permanganate solution
slow decomposition of the release of oxygen, but the lasting effect, with cleaning, deodorizing, antiseptic and bactericidal effect. for washing rotting stench, infected wounds, especially for suspected tired Oxygen infection, anus and perineal wounds. 1:5000 solution often used clinically to wet compress.
4.0.1% Leifonuer , 0.02% nitrofurazone solution has antibacterial
and sterilization. for cleaning infected wounds and wet compress.
5. You-Suo (bleaching powder, boric acid) solution
with sterilization, antiseptic odor, dissolved necrotic tissue. for pus and dead rot organizations and more malodorous wound cleaning and wet compress. The preparation should be sealed from light, not long home, placed for not more than a week. large area of the wound should not be applied in order to avoid excessive absorption of chloride ions.
6. polyethylene topiramate iodine (PVP-I)
for new fungicides, bacteria, fungi, spores were .0.05% to 0.15% effective solution for the mucous membrane, wound, abscess irrigation; 1% solution of sterile incision used for mulching ; 1% to 2% solution for the wet packing wound infection, most suitable for chronic lower extremity ulcers and cancer ulcer.
7.
solution commonly used antibiotic neomycin solution of 0.5%, 0.16% gentamicin , 0.5% chlortetracycline, bacitracin 2%, 2% to 5% solution of kasugamycin, etc., used to wait two suture the wound contamination, the larger wounds (such as burn) wound wet dressing before skin grafting, dressings should be every 1 day change. chloramphenicol pills directly into infected wounds, each lcm21 tablets, day 1.
8.1% ~ 2% Phenoxy ethanol
has a bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa, the effect is most well, the use of continuous wound wet dressing.
9.0.01% ~ 0.05% and 0.02% benzalkonium bromide solution
chlorhexidine field in the wound cleaning, wound irrigation latter than the former.
10.10% garlic solution
bactericidal phagocytic cells and enhance the role of Staphylococcus aureus infection better.
11.2% ~ 4% methyl violet (gentian violet) solution
bactericidal and astringent. for superficial disinfection of skin or mucous membrane ulcers, and to promote healing knot crazy.
12.
pure carbolic acid solution, corrosive, bactericidal effect. burning with pure carbolic acid solution, anal fissure and chronic sinus swabs so unhealthy granulation tissue necrosis in order to promote healing. alcohol swab after use required to neutralize it, and then isotonic saline swab.
13.10% ~ 20% silver nitrate solution
for burning anal fissure, chronic sinus and excessive growth of granulation tissue corrosion, after the required use of isotonic saline swab.
14.
oil gauze with drainage, protection of wounds, dressing difficult time drying and to extend the role of dressing. wound secretions were less can be replaced every 2 to 3 days. commonly used are: ① Vaseline gauze; ② cod liver oil gauze: a nutrition and promotion of granulation and epithelial growth, etc., used in slow healing wounds.
15. powders, ointments class
(1) iodoform gauze: has antibacterial, antiseptic, astringent, to smell, and promote granulation growth. for a chronic sinus gland secretion, such as fistula, wound cleared tuberculosis. iodoform toxicity , not long-term use;
(2) 10% ~ 20% ichthyol ointment: the role of anti-inflammatory swelling back for early abscess;
(3) 10% zinc oxide ointment: Apply to the skin surface, there to protect the skin from the secretions of erosion, commonly used in intestinal fistula, biliary fistula skin around;
(4) streptomycin ointment: Apply topical gauze, wound for tuberculosis;
(5) 2 % polyethylene topiramate iodine ointment: for the treatment of burns, chronic ulcers, results were satisfactory;
(6) more than a help ointment: for the infected wound.
16.
traditional Chinese medicines such as red ointment , Shengjisan, Shengji Yuhong cream, purple burn ointment, MEBO, Daqing ointment with pain, Sida myogenic, pus to rot and so on.
iodine, alcohol can only be used ...
principles are: sterile. clean. Clear inactivation necrosis, tissue. to maintain and promote growth of granulation. to prevent the wound and cover exposed wounds exposed. promote wound healing.
As for the general use of saline rich in blood supply, the chances of infection is small, and a keen sense of the mucosa.
combination of glucose and insulin to stimulate the growth of granulation.
and hypertonic saline may have inhibited the growth of granulation
first told me of iodine volts and alcohol is more suitable range of applications. iodine is iodized, or wound on the greasy parts of the developed sebaceous glands invalid or ineffective. And alcohol or iodine to be able to skim, to better protein fixed bacteria , a place rich in sebaceous glands more penetrating power. so will be applied around the wound in the scalp. But both of these because there are some irritation. so open wound can not be applied.
The main application of saline to Notes of red and wet, as this may be a wide area of the wound or wound merger is not flat, hoping to place some impurities red note and infected material.
insulin is mainly used in non-healing wounds in diabetic patients.
The purpose of hypertonic salt is local swelling wound healed, and to achieve partial dehydration, and the role of honey as some say.
there needles and other major local release of gentamicin in the wound is already infected. < br> not to mention is that principle. just as well as with the new clean and off. may have the effect of iodine is not very confident in the reason. critical moment, or to apply tincture of iodine, alcohol.
1, Surgery dressing the first to follow aseptic principles. from the beginning of the end of reclaiming should comply with the time until the dressing.
2, when the use of alcohol, when the use of vaseline gauze, this is learned. must familiar with normal saline, alcohol, iodine, yellow gauze and Vaseline gauze mechanism of action, so that when dealing with different wounds can be the appropriate choice.
3, the choice of dressing. Some people like to use a lot of dressing, thinking This can be very good to keep sterile; there are others who only a few layers that can save costs. In fact, little choice multiple choice dressings are not appropriate. dressings how much the right choice? It said the growth was from the wound since the growth in the first few days mainly wound granulation tissue growth, it needs a more humid environment, so the first few days can be multi-layers of dressings to maintain a relatively moist wound. And a later stage, mainly the growth of the wound keratinocyte growth, wound at this time require a relatively dry environment, so the dressing to play a role in isolation should be as thin as possible under the premise. Why do some people always late but not the cuticle wound healing, I would like to have relations with the above.
to remember: The purpose of our surgical dressing is: two offers.
that:
1, for the wound to provide a relatively sterile environment, so as not to attack.
2, provide a relatively favorable for the growth of the wound, healing environment, to heal as soon as possible.
The purpose of dressing is: 1. observed the wound 2. removal of necrotic tissue 3. Clean the wound 4. unobstructed drainage 5. to promote tissue growth .
3, severe wound infection and sometimes for the simple wash the wound clean and more difficult to achieve, can be used times, The role of drainage, but the humidity is also a breeding ground for bacterial growth, bacteria will enter in 6-8 hours on the number of proliferating, so for a serious wound infection, drugs to be done frequently changes (preferably 3-4 times / day), many people like the wound wet dressing were added gentamicin, the first 1-2 result is very good, long-term results are poor, and easily lead to resistant bacteria produce.
Vaseline gauze to provide wet environment conducive to wound granulation, and can reduce the leakage of tissue fluid, early wound can stop bleeding, but for a serious wound infection should be used with caution, because of its poor drainage and easy, often add to the infection.
hypertonic dehydration of glucose as a drug, can enhance the role of plasma osmolality resulting from dehydration, nutrition for poor local wound infection, wound area, with poor efficacy of other drugs, after dressing or invalid, the surface of the skin ulcer or erosion varicose veins, wound healing difficult by the shallow depth Ⅱ Ⅱ degrees to a small degree burn edema, wound healing slowly and those with pressure ulcers is more efficacious. hypertonic glucose can be evenly distributed in the wound, resulting in hypertonic environment, dehydration caused by bacterial cells, bacteria unable to reproduce ability, cell death and cell dehydration can make the body part to reduce the wound and granulation tissue edema, and to form a protective film to prevent the cells continue to invasive infection, can improve local blood circulation, improve nutrition around the wound and promote wound healing; In addition, Glucose also has a myogenic effect, can reduce wound pain, and help wound healing.
purulent wound treatment. the general if the wound or purulent pus out of reach of a sense of volatility, timely and open drainage is necessary, do not hold fluke psychology, looking forward to it absorbs, the drainage is the best way, open wound shall be sought after in the necrotic tissue completely clear that if one can not at all clear, you can gradually removed after the dressing change. and then fill in the diluted PVP tournament -I gauze, adequate drainage should not be filled too tight race adversely affect the blood supply and drainage. of course, can also use saline gauze. or topical antibiotics such as penicillin, and big celebration.
we are a closed wound with alcohol and powerful disinfectant iodine
open wound with normal saline and hypertonic saline powerful disinfectant iodine
severe edema in the wound when used with multi-
glucose and insulin slower growth in the wound of malnutrition for use
protection principle 1 sterile 2 drugs 3 promotes growth
wound dressing when you can scrape the surface of the appropriate due to edema or granulation fresh, and then chymotrypsin wet packing, so that local organizations can promote healing of infected wounds or
fat liquefaction after wound drainage should be promptly interrupted stitches, using iodine and alcohol around the wound disinfection, the hand will be as much as possible out of the wound pus, and with a 20ml syringe gentamicin (light) or vancomycin (severe) remove the blunt needle tied directly to rinse and drain port directly Withdrawing fluid. to hold gauze drainage strip, usually two or three times the infection can be removed, sealed.
rich in fat, fat liquefaction prone areas Our experience is wide open incision (fat liquefaction of all open areas), culture + sensitivity, strengthening the dressing. If that is infected with culture-positive myself.
we all know that the incision want to change a long time, we In order to shorten the time to reduce the financial burden of patients, we sterilized after the initial subcutaneous injection of gentamicin ,@@@@local place to cut daily glucose powder@@@@. dressing until the wound infiltration After a little gauze to stimulate granulation. fresh butterfly after the two suture or glue together to Brad. We did the control, significantly shortened the time.
talk about the lower extremity vasculitis after amputation, the incision did not heal in the for- medicines that that experience:
general such as skin blood flow in patients with poorly, although the pain, necrosis of the limb was amputated, but after amputation of the incision is still very difficult to heal, and often associated with infection and easy! < br> This incision dressing is very important to closely observe the first incision when dressing, and if suppuration, suppurative Department must immediately cut the suture, removal of necrotic tissue, cut open, unobstructed drainage, generally put a small drainage strip can!
addition, festering wound dressing, do not hold anything against the stench, the incision must be carefully wiped the pus moss, and not because of the pain and dare not touch incision, pus, after removing moss have a slightly bloodshot leaking, so it helps to cut the early healing!
open wound dressing is best not to let alcohol into the wound, the wound healing of alcohol on negative (this is my PhD on behalf of my internship teaching point of view)
other iodine 2 3 is the classic wine disinfection methods in orthopedics, orthopedic arrived when the new patient to us for leadership requires that we must strictly abide by the debridement.
polluting oil on the wound, our use turpentine wash away the stain
the old granulation wounds: regeneration of such poor granulation tissue (dark red color, not fresh, rugged, and sometimes bleeding was old appearance), the surrounding tissues difficult to heal, to the surface of granulation curette tissue curettage, or cut off, so that bleeding, exposing fresh granulation, and topical rubber high (this is the traditional Chinese medicine is said to rot myogenic, Western medicine will be washed with hydrogen peroxide to achieve the purpose to rot)
if pus, should be observed whether the abscess cavity or sinus, pay attention to changes in body temperature.
for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the wound:
characterized as a light green pus, there is a special kind of sweet stench, if the wound scab, scab under empyema, necrotic tissue, to remove crusts, pus and necrotic tissue. aeruginosa infection in burn wounds early skin grafting can be tangential. can also be 1% to 2% phenoxyethanol wet dressing, or 0.1% of celebration Trappe Su, 1% silver sulfadiazine, 10% of a sulfur solution, such as wet compress Miloon. wounds, such as less available 3% acetic acid, 10% chloral hydrate solution, such as wet compress.
1. Alcohol: bedsore protection (50% a), skin and equipment sterilization (70%)
2. hydrogen peroxide (3%): cleaning wounds, ulcers, pus sinus, release of necrotic tissue, removal of adhesive dressings.
3. Qingda neomycin solution (0.2-0.5%): local irrigation, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus wound infection.
4. saline (0.9%): wound cleaning wet compress.
5. nitrofurazone (0.02% ) solution: ulcers, purulent wounds and other surface disinfection.
6. Zinc oxide gelatin: prolonged unhealed leg ulcers.
7. mercurochrome (2%): skin and mucous membrane disinfection, the country still in use.
8. Cod Liver Oil: local coating, used to promote wound epithelialization.
9. acetic acid (0.5-2%): burns, burns, infected wounds.
10. chlorhexidine (0.05% ): wound, wash the wound.
11. magnesium sulfate (50%) solution: for contusion, cellulitis, erysipelas, and other anti-inflammatory swelling. Local moist heat.
12. boric acid ointment (5%) : burns, abrasions, skin ulcers and bedsores.
13. Band-Aid: affixed to the small wound.
for osteomyelitis with bone exposed to ground when the first dressing change, because a lot of leakage can be QD, and dressing To many, the dressing process, should be kept clear of necrotic tissue (very important!), marrow can be placed within the (oil) gauze. my experience is to wash the wound with saline, and then 0.1% povidone-iodine rinse, and then rinse with hydrogen peroxide, and finally celebrate a large gauze wet dressing, dressing. granulation when fresh, less leakage when the surgical removal of sequestrum, sclerotic bone, muscle flap coverage with appropriate wounds, external fixation and external fixation, to be flap, the bone lengthening again. However, sometimes several times before surgery for therapeutic purposes.
for refractory sinus surgery such as brain, heart bypass surgery or chronic osteomyelitis caused by sinus, usually Early use of or the September eighty-two Dan Dan + red ointment, to mention rot to pus, the latter with a red ointment Shengjisan + shut works well, even resistant P. aeruginosa or S. aureus infection can be very good cured.
replantation or vascularized flap surgery can be used with the temperature close to the best solution Furacillin dressing, dressing will happen with alcohol scolded a; ring finger dressing gauze dressing should be avoided, local best filled with broken gauze.
on the gauze with a. played for abscess drainage after the role, while the abscess has just cut to stop bleeding .2 It can be placed directly on the role of the wound in order to facilitate the growth of granulation .3 wound its replacement cycle as the case may be, such as wound exudate more should be replaced daily, less exudate depending on the circumstances given the fixed package .4 graft area should be 5 --- 7 days to replace the first time, after the visual cries .5 non-stick gauze and the wound is not strong to protect the growth of skin grafts are not torn off.
Summary:
dressing: deferred handling open wounds, incision and drainage of soft tissue infections, surgical incision infection, due to local pathological reactions, so that the wounds appeared exudate, suppuration, necrosis or tissue defect, etc., should be properly addressed. This process includes checking the wound, pus and necrotic tissue removal, drain placement or removal of dressing change and dressing, etc. This process is called dressing, also known as dressing or replacement of the drug.
purposes: 1. Observation of the wound; 2. removal of necrotic tissue; 3. Clean the wound; 4. unobstructed drainage; 5. promoting tissue growth;
principles: 1. aseptic principles; 2. inactivation removal of necrotic tissue; 3. to maintain and promote growth of granulation; 4. promote wound healing;
dressing of the basic techniques: 1. set free strain concept; 2. to lift dressing methods; 3. dressing goods delivery methods; 4. wound and surrounding skin disinfection method; 5. wrap fixation methods; 6. dirt dressing treatment;
one dressing preparation
1. full understanding of the wound, the size of the depth of the wound site, the number of gauze wound cavity filling, drain, and whether with or without removal or replacement, the need for debridement and irrigation, the need for stitches or suture. dressing of the required medicines and other equipment to check if available, the special items should be fully prepared, such as configuration wound topcoat solution with antibiotics, local anesthetics required debridement blade, deep wounds of the probe with the long vascular clamp, replacement Special suprapubic cystostomy drainage pipe. mental state of patients, systemic conditions and dressing process may happen, should be fully prepared to learn more about.
2. sterile preparations: General requirements dressing in the morning room care or dressing room half an hour after cleansing, preferably in the dressing room dressing. wearing a mask hat, the patients go to dressing room, observation wounds (wound opened along the direction of gauze to expose, easy to make the wound opened again the vertical split) to assess the need for equipment,bailey UGG boots, and the number of dressings, types, and then to wash their hands, ready dressing items. generally requires two sterile bent plate, two pairs of tweezers, alcohol, cotton balls and so on, clip his weapons, the forceps must be upside down, can not tilt to the order of the first clip clip forceps, curved plate placed among the top folder covered in gauze, iodine, alcohol, plate bending points on both sides, the first clip of iodine wine folder after the alcohol cotton ball cotton ball (if the first folder of alcohol, the alcohol remaining folder forceps cotton ball on the diluted tincture of iodine tincture of iodine, affecting disinfection effect).
3. Operation: hand to take foreign materials, and then take the tweezers layer, if the cotton ball wet with salt water after the stick opened. two pairs of tweezers, a contact with the skin, a contact with materials (two still do not touch). disinfection of the wound and suture lightly along the dip, and then (clean the wound) from the inside out, back to the font consumption, alcohol more than twice the range to more than cover the gauze. cover gauze smooth down, cover more than eight-gauze (usually a piece of gauze four). viscose fabric to be smooth striae perpendicular to the direction of gauze and adhesive, generally three, both sides of the blank stick, the middle one. Finally, wash your hands (to protect themselves).
4. order: first, after a clean pollution, after briefly complicated. One more wound is also true of patients .
Second, the frequency
dressing materials soaked in principle that should be dressing
1. General wounds: in the first 24h, after every 2-3 days / times; 2. special wound: breast surgery After the 3-5 days / times; 3. :7-9 days after skin grafting / times; 4. digestive tract fistula :2-3 days / times; 5. summer, a day for, apply alcohol yarn;
Third, select the number of suitable dressing? wounds a few days at the beginning of the growth is mainly the growth of granulation tissue, it needs a more humid environment, so the first few days can be multi-layers of dressings to maintain a relatively moist wound. And a later stage, the growth of skin wounds is mainly the growth of the wound at this time require a relatively dry environment, so the dressing to play a role in isolation should be as thin as possible under the premise. dressings protect the wound from outside contamination in addition to the role, but also has a certain drainage effect, so dressing and wound dressing should be closely attached to ensure, especially in the wound when compared with the surrounding low-lying.
four commonly used dressings select
1. Alcohol: bedsore protection (50%), skin and equipment sterilization (70%). epidermal integrity of the wound dressing can be with alcohol, alcohol can not be used if the skin damage, and generally use iodine. The classic method of disinfection is 2% iodine alcohol, two times three times iodothyronine disinfection.
2, iodine: The mucous membrane irritation, without de-iodine with ethanol, no corrosion, and low toxicity. iodophor both application (mucous membranes, skin, etc.), or sterilization was better than iodine (less allergic), but also the scope of application, bleeding wounds, the effect is not good, the wound is too large can not be applied. Some hospitals have eliminated iodine, because the allergic reactions and more, you need to de-iodine, there is corrosion.
application of povidone iodine and alcohol is more suitable range. iodophor is a complex of iodine, or wound on the greasy parts of the developed sebaceous glands invalid or ineffective. the alcohol or iodine to be able to skim, to better fixed bacterial protein, rich in sebaceous glands where more penetrating power. so it applied to the scalp wound around.
3. normal saline (0.9%): wound cleaning wet compress. is generally used in blood supply , wound secretions are more chances of infection is small, and a keen sense of the mucous membranes. The main application of saline injection to red and wet, because for a wide range of wound area or wound merger is not flat, red note to place some of impurities and infected material.
4. hypertonic saline: When used in wound edema heavier. hypertonic salt purpose is healed wound swelling, and to achieve partial dehydration. hypertonic saline plus Vaseline gauze may stimulate granulation growth, often used in clinical no one closed the wound, or infection of the wound after debridement and thorough application.
5. hypertonic glucose: a kind of dehydrated drug, can enhance the role of plasma osmolality resulting from dehydration, The poor nutrition of local wound infection, wound area, the effects after use of other drugs difference between dressing or invalid, the surface of the skin ulcer or erosion varicose veins, wound healing difficulties are shallow degrees to deep Ⅱ Ⅱ small burn edema, slow wound healing were, and more efficacious bedsores. hypertonic glucose can be evenly distributed in the wound, resulting in hyperosmotic environment induced dehydration of bacterial cells, bacteria lose their reproductive capacity, cell death, and local cellular dehydration can make the body, reducing the wound and granulation tissue, edema, and to form a protective film to prevent the cells continue to invasive infection, can improve local blood circulation, improve nutrition around the wound and promote wound healing; In addition, glucose also has the myogenic effect, can reduce wound pain, and help wound healing. < br> 6. hydrogen peroxide (3%): cleaning wounds, ulcers, pus sinus, release of necrotic tissue, removal of adhesive dressings.
7. gentamicin solution (0.2-0.5%): local irrigation, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus wound infection.
8. nitrofurazone (0.02%) solution: ulcers, purulent wounds and other surface disinfection.
9. Zinc oxide gelatin: prolonged unhealed leg ulcers.
10. Insulin is mainly used in non-healing wounds in diabetic patients.
11. mercurochrome (2%): disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, skin grazed mercurochrome best, after ten minutes to dry and painted without dressing < br> 12. Cod Liver Oil: partial coating, used to promote wound epithelialization.
13. acetate (0.5-2%): burns, burns, infected wounds.
14. chlorhexidine (0.05%) : wound, wash the wound.
15. rivanol: the best wound contraction (direct wet cover).
16. magnesium sulfate (50%) solution: for contusion, cellulitis, erysipelas, etc. anti-inflammatory swelling. Local moist heat.
17. boric acid ointment (5%): burns, abrasions, skin ulcers and bedsores. covered with a boric acid solution to rot until the wet granulation fresh. Shengjisan powder can be used to promote growth of granulation .
18. conducive to the wound surface moist tissue growth, this is what we usually like to cover the wound with saline gauze main reason, while there are clear physiological saline gauze, the role of drainage, but moist environment is the growth of bacteria breeding ground for bacteria in the number of 6-8 hours will be entered on the proliferation of, so for a serious wound infection, drugs to be done frequently changes (preferably 3-4 times / day), many people like to celebrate the wounds were added Trappe Su wet packing, the first 1-2 result is very good, long-term results are poor, and could easily lead to resistant bacteria produce.
19. vaseline gauze to provide moist wound environment conducive to growth of granulation, and can reduce tissue fluid leakage, early wound can stop bleeding, but for the serious wound infection should be used with caution, because of its poor drainage and easy, often add to the infection.
five common wound treatment
1. Clean the wound with iodophor disinfection, stimulate the small, the effect is good; for clean, new granulation wounds, but also cover the addition of vaseline gauze dressing change patients to alleviate the pain and reduce tissue fluid leakage, loss.
2. blood supply abundant opportunities for small wounds can be infected with normal saline wet look simple, sterile dressing materials can be.
3. For a skin defect wounds, defects repeatedly washed with salt water, surrounded by available conventional iodophor disinfection, disinfection, saline gauze or vaseline gauze, saline gauze help keep the wound fresh, dry, Vaseline gauze is conducive to wound granulation.
4. infected or contaminated wounds draining pus principle is necessary, split open sutures, expansion of the wound thoroughly drainage, the wound repeatedly washed with hydrogen peroxide and saline, necrotic tissue should be given to debridement, antibiotics, gauze packing can also be used within the wound, wound around three times better off with alcohol, iodine tincture of iodine twice disinfection. Of course, the infection of the wound dressing to be changed every day.
addition, festering wound dressing, do not hold anything against the stench, the incision must be carefully wiped the pus moss, and not because of pain in patients not touch incision, pus moss should be removed after the slight bloodshot leaking, so it helps to cut the early healing!
5. bedsores, suppurative osteomyelitis and other infected wounds: iodine disinfectant wound around the wound to hydrogen peroxide, normal saline, gentamicin dressing.
6. osteomyelitis with bone exposed to the dressing when the first ground, because a lot of leakage, and the dressing to be more. in the dressing process, should be ready removal of necrotic tissue, marrow can be placed within the gauze. thumb is to wash the wound with salt water, then rinse of 0.1% povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide and then rinse, and finally celebrate big wet packing gauze, dressings coverage. granulation when fresh, less leakage when the surgical removal of sequestrum, sclerotic bone, muscle flap coverage with appropriate wounds, external fixation and external fixation until the flap, re bone lengthening.
7. fracture line outside the Patients followed a fixed dressing is the first iodophor disinfection (and cleaning to remove necrotic tissue), followed by disinfection using hydrogen peroxide and then normal saline wash, and finally cover the wound nitrofurazone stuff. wait for the granulation, the line of free flap coverage.
8. incision fat liquefaction: a place rich in the fat prone to fat liquefaction, this time wide open incision (fat liquefaction of all open areas), culture + sensitivity, strengthening the dressing. incision want to change such a long time, In order to shorten the time after the initial disinfection of local subcutaneous gentamicin, glucose powder to place the incision daily dressing changes, wound exudate to be less stimulating growth of granulation after the gauze, sutures or butterfly fresh tape after the two Lahti.
9. long unhealed ulcer wound dressing to use traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional dressing has its own unique, but usually there is no sterile concept. For example: for refractory sinus (such as the brain After surgery, coronary bypass surgery or chronic osteomyelitis caused by sinus, usually with early or the September eighty-two Dan Dan + red ointment, to mention rot to pus, the latter with a red ointment Shengjisan + shut, very good even the Pseudomonas aeruginosa or resistant S. aureus infection can be a good cure.
10. wound on polluting oil, we wash away that stain with turpentine.
11. For the old granulation wounds: The species poor granulation tissue regeneration (dark red color, not fresh, rugged, and sometimes bleeding was old appearance), difficult to heal the surrounding tissue to the surface of granulation tissue curette to scrape or cut off, so that bleeding, exposing fresh granulation, external application of adhesive plaster (this is the traditional Chinese medicine is said to rot myogenic, Western medicine will be washed with hydrogen peroxide to achieve the purpose to rot). If pus, should be to observe whether the abscess or sinus, pay attention to changes in body temperature.
12. For the Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection: pus is characterized by light green, with a special sweet stench, if the wound scab, scab under the empyema, necrotic tissue, to remove crusts, pus and necrotic organization. early burn wound excision aeruginosa infection can cut skin. can also be 1% to 2% phenoxyethanol wet dressing, or with 0.1% gentamicin, 1% silver sulfadiazine, 10% of a sulfur solution, such as wet Miloon deposited. wound as small available 3% acetic acid, 10% solution of chloral hydrate and other wet compress.
VI Notes
1. sterile wound dressing is generally a 24-hour, 72-hour general observation of the local swelling of the seepage situation.
2. open wound after dressing for 24,48,72 hours a day, paying particular attention prone to hematoma or drainage and remove any dangerous situation more critical.
3. orthopedic wound more wound infection is a common skin necrosis, decubitus wounds, generally in a certain period of hypertonic saline, re-used in the infection, leaking more of the wound, can quickly reduce the wound and granulation tissue edema, reducing leakage.
4. replantation surgery or vascularized flap surgery can be used with the temperature close to the best solution Furacillin dressing, gauze dressing to avoid the ring finger bandage, gauze filled with broken local is best.
5. For large wounds, First, note that debridement, necrotic tissue has been included for the tendon and the vascular tissue necrosis do not condone, for dressing in a few, the boundaries are determined once the clear cut. reluctantly left, it will only delay the growth of granulation, or even cause an infection. < br> 6. For most of the necrotic tissue had been removed the wound, to take proper care of the growth of granulation, granulation tissue itself has the ability to fight infection, and if there is no obvious oozing, not to use antibiotics or other medicine dressing, with only iodine margin of skin disinfection, can be covered with wet saline gauze.
7. Do not put gauze on the wound, it should be on the saline gauze to prevent excessive salt evaporation.
8. Note the wound infection Bacterial culture + sensitivity do a re-dressing in order to avoid future passive.
dressing commonly used drugs
1. saltwater
have to promote granulation tissue nutrition and the role of the adsorption plane surface discharge of granulation tissue without negative stimulus. isotonic saline cotton and gauze used to clean wounds, wound wet dressing, filling abscess; isotonic saline solution used to wash wound cavity; 3% to 10% of the salt has a strong dehydration, edema for granulation the wound.
2.3% hydrogen peroxide in contact and organizational
decomposition in oxygen, has a bactericidal effect. for flushing trauma wounds, wounds *** or odor, especially for anaerobic infection of the wound. < br> 3.0.02% potassium permanganate solution
slow decomposition of the release of oxygen, but the lasting effect, with cleaning, deodorizing, antiseptic and bactericidal effect. for washing rotting stench, infected wounds, especially for suspected tired Oxygen infection, anus and perineal wounds. 1:5000 solution often used clinically to wet compress.
4.0.1% Leifonuer , 0.02% nitrofurazone solution has antibacterial
and sterilization. for cleaning infected wounds and wet compress.
5. You-Suo (bleaching powder, boric acid) solution
with sterilization, antiseptic odor, dissolved necrotic tissue. for pus and dead rot organizations and more malodorous wound cleaning and wet compress. The preparation should be sealed from light, not long home, placed for not more than a week. large area of the wound should not be applied in order to avoid excessive absorption of chloride ions.
6. polyethylene topiramate iodine (PVP-I)
for new fungicides, bacteria, fungi, spores were .0.05% to 0.15% effective solution for the mucous membrane, wound, abscess irrigation; 1% solution of sterile incision used for mulching ; 1% to 2% solution for the wet packing wound infection, most suitable for chronic lower extremity ulcers and cancer ulcer.
7.
solution commonly used antibiotic neomycin solution of 0.5%, 0.16% gentamicin , 0.5% chlortetracycline, bacitracin 2%, 2% to 5% solution of kasugamycin, etc., used to wait two suture the wound contamination, the larger wounds (such as burn) wound wet dressing before skin grafting, dressings should be every 1 day change. chloramphenicol pills directly into infected wounds, each lcm21 tablets, day 1.
8.1% ~ 2% Phenoxy ethanol
has a bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa, the effect is most well, the use of continuous wound wet dressing.
9.0.01% ~ 0.05% and 0.02% benzalkonium bromide solution
chlorhexidine field in the wound cleaning, wound irrigation latter than the former.
10.10% garlic solution
bactericidal phagocytic cells and enhance the role of Staphylococcus aureus infection better.
11.2% ~ 4% methyl violet (gentian violet) solution
bactericidal and astringent. for superficial disinfection of skin or mucous membrane ulcers, and to promote healing knot crazy.
12.
pure carbolic acid solution, corrosive, bactericidal effect. burning with pure carbolic acid solution, anal fissure and chronic sinus swabs so unhealthy granulation tissue necrosis in order to promote healing. alcohol swab after use required to neutralize it, and then isotonic saline swab.
13.10% ~ 20% silver nitrate solution
for burning anal fissure, chronic sinus and excessive growth of granulation tissue corrosion, after the required use of isotonic saline swab.
14.
oil gauze with drainage, protection of wounds, dressing difficult time drying and to extend the role of dressing. wound secretions were less can be replaced every 2 to 3 days. commonly used are: ① Vaseline gauze; ② cod liver oil gauze: a nutrition and promotion of granulation and epithelial growth, etc., used in slow healing wounds.
15. powders, ointments class
(1) iodoform gauze: has antibacterial, antiseptic, astringent, to smell, and promote granulation growth. for a chronic sinus gland secretion, such as fistula, wound cleared tuberculosis. iodoform toxicity , not long-term use;
(2) 10% ~ 20% ichthyol ointment: the role of anti-inflammatory swelling back for early abscess;
(3) 10% zinc oxide ointment: Apply to the skin surface, there to protect the skin from the secretions of erosion, commonly used in intestinal fistula, biliary fistula skin around;
(4) streptomycin ointment: Apply topical gauze, wound for tuberculosis;
(5) 2 % polyethylene topiramate iodine ointment: for the treatment of burns, chronic ulcers, results were satisfactory;
(6) more than a help ointment: for the infected wound.
16.
traditional Chinese medicines such as red ointment , Shengjisan, Shengji Yuhong cream, purple burn ointment, MEBO, Daqing ointment with pain, Sida myogenic, pus to rot and so on.
iodine, alcohol can only be used ...
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